“…In order to reduce overall costs and increase security in multi-cloud environment, SHIRVANI M H [7] formulated the web service composition problem as a bi-objective optimization problem with service cost and multi cloud risk perspectives in the ever-increasing multi cloud environment (MCE). TABALVANDANI M A N et al [8] proposed a multi-objective particle swarm optimization model in multi-cloud scenarios to increase system reliability. Xie et al [9] created a hybrid multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve the service composition optimization problems of production factor resources in an industrial internet setting.…”