Reliability aspects of rock tunnel design with the observational method

Bjureland, William; Spross, Johan; Johansson, Fredrik; Prästings, Anders; Larsson, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.07.004

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The design method known as the observational method (Peck 1969) is based on this principle. Its application to design of underground openings has been discussed by for example Brantmark et al (1998), Stille andHolmberg (2008, 2010), Serra and Miranda (2013), Bozorgzadeh and Harrison (2016), Spross and Johansson (2017), and Bjureland et al (2017).…”

Section: Observational Approaches Are Fundamental To Underground Excamentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Need for a Risk-Based Framework in Eurocode 7 to Facilitate Design of Underground Openings in Rock

et al. 2018

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The European design code for geotechnical engineering, EN-1997 Eurocode 7, is currently under revision. As design of underground openings in rock fundamentally differs from design of most other types of structures, the revised Eurocode 7 must be carefully formulated to be applicable to underground openings. This paper presents the authors' view of how a design code for underground openings in rock needs to be organized to ensure that new structures are both sufficiently safe and constructed cost-effectively. The authors find that the revised version of Eurocode 7 carefully must acknowledge the fundamental decision-theoretical connection between design and risk management that should permeate all geotechnical design work. Otherwise, if the revised code is not given a risk-based framework, the authors fear that, as a consequence, the observational method will not be favorable to use in excavations of underground openings in rock. Then, cost-effective construction will be very difficult to achieve.

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Section: Observational Approaches Are Fundamental To Underground Excamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How the principles of the observational method in the current version of the Eurocode 7 can be satisfied has been discussed by Prästings et al (2014), Spross et al (2016), Spross and Johansson (2017), Bjureland et al (2017), and Fuentes et al (2017).…”

Section: Observational Approaches Are Fundamental To Underground Excamentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Need for a Risk-Based Framework in Eurocode 7 to Facilitate Design of Underground Openings in Rock

et al. 2018

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“…This is due to two reasons: (1) in each project, the amount and distribution of monitoring points is limited, usually confined to buildings at risk (Figure 1a), mainly for cost-suppression and practical reasons (for example benchmarks on the ground above or near the tunnel axis are frequently destroyed during the project) and (2) monitoring data are rarely available because of their legal and financial implications in case of failure (cf. [15]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Loss and Static Soil–Structure Interaction during Urban Tunnel Excavation: Evidence from the Excavation of the Athens Metro

Kontogianni

Stiros

2020

Infrastructures

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Ground settlement above urban tunnels is a threat for nearby buildings, because it may lead to their differential settlement, tilting, and damage, depending on their structural characteristics, on ground conditions, and on the excavation procedure. Still, for few cases only details on ground settlement are known. In this article we analyze ground subsidence data during the excavation of Lines 2 and 3 of the Athens Metro. Based on this evidence, and in comparison with previous studies, we show that observations of elevation changes and of tilting of buildings may underestimate the amount of ground loss; this is because part of the ground deformation may be compensated by the stiffness of buildings or accommodated by internal deformation of sizeable buildings hosting measuring benchmarks. This effect can be described as static soil–structure interaction (sSSI), in analogy to the dynamic SSI produced during earthquakes. sSSI can produce bias in monitoring data above an advancing tunnel front, leading to skew and not to symmetric subsidence curves if observations are made on one side on buildings and on the other side in open spaces (‘greenfields’). Furthermore, we show that ‘bowls’ of increased subsidence are observed along subsidence troughs during excavation; such ‘bowls’, not infrequently underestimated because of sSSI, may conceal a potential for sinkholes and other types of failure. Isolated towers on the contrary describe well ground subsidence and tilting.

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“…The implementation of the observation methods (Bjureland et al 2017), comes to fore especially in rock related projects. The monitoring is included in Eurocode 7 as important aspect of design during construction -'monitoring shall be assessed at appropriate stages and the planned contingency actions shall be put into operation if the limits of behavior are exceeded'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration of Rock Cutting Numerical Model based on Monitoring Data

Pavlić¹,

Bačić²,

Kovačević³

2019

JSM

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Prediction of the deformation increment and the final displacement of the rock cutting is a challenging task. Many ambiguities linked with unpredictable nature or rock mass make it difficult to apply the adequate contingency measures. Implementation of common approach, which includes modelling of discontinuity effects with estimated reduction of rock mass strength and modulus of elasticity, usually does not yield satisfactory results. Therefore, a calibration of FEM based numerical model was made by conducting parametric analysis which feeds upon data obtained from extensive on-site monitoring system. A step forward was made in description of numerical parameters of karst discontinuities through consideration of monitoring results, as well as excavation procedures, position, inclination and length of discontinuities and PDC (project design change). ABSTRAKRamalan kenaikan canggaan dan sesaran akhir pemotongan batu adalah satu tugas yang mencabar. Banyak kesamaran yang dikaitkan dengan sifat yang tidak dapat diramalkan atau jisim batu menyukarkan untuk menggunakan langkah kontingensi yang mencukupi. Pelaksanaan pendekatan biasa yang merangkumi pemodelan kesan ketakselanjaran dengan anggaran pengurangan kekuatan jisim batu dan modulus keanjalan, kebiasaannya tidak memberikan keputusan yang memuaskan. Oleh itu, penentukuran model berangka FEM dibuat dengan menjalankan analisis parametrik yang menggunakan data yang diperoleh daripada sistem pemantauan ekstensif di tapak. Satu penambahbaikan telah dibuat dalam penerangan parameter berangka ketakselanjaran karst dengan mempertimbangkan keputusan pemantauan serta prosedur pengorekan, kedudukan, kecenderungan dan panjang ketakselanjaran dan PDC (perubahan reka bentuk projek). Kata kunci: Jisim batu; kaedah pemerapan; karst; ketakselanjaran; pemodelan berangka Vedran Pavlic Hidroinzenjering d.o.o. Okucanska 30, 10 000 Zagreb Croatia

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Reliability aspects of rock tunnel design with the observational method

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

On the Need for a Risk-Based Framework in Eurocode 7 to Facilitate Design of Underground Openings in Rock

On the Need for a Risk-Based Framework in Eurocode 7 to Facilitate Design of Underground Openings in Rock

Ground Loss and Static Soil–Structure Interaction during Urban Tunnel Excavation: Evidence from the Excavation of the Athens Metro

Calibration of Rock Cutting Numerical Model based on Monitoring Data

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