Reliability and Validity of the Korean Matrix Sentence-in-Noise Recognition Test for Older Listeners with Normal Hearing and with Hearing Impairment

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine test-retest reliability and validity of the adaptive Korean matrix sentence-in-noise test for elderly group with normal hearing (ENH) and elderly group with hearing impairment (EHI).Methods: Twenty ENH listeners and 20 EHI listeners based on the World Health Organization (WHO)-proposed hearing-impairment grade participated. For the test-retest reliability of the Korean matrix sentence-in-noise test, each subject was assessed twice in a 2-week interval using three types of noise: speech-shaped noise, International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology noise, and International Speech Test Signal. The test-retest agreement was judged by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. To differentiate between real change and random measurement error, the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC) were also obtained as another reliability index. For the concurrent validity, the results of the Matrix test were compared to the results of the Korean-version Hearing In Noise Test (K-HINT).Results: The test-retest reliability was good to excellent for ENH and EHI groups (ICC, 0.84~0.98). Both groups showed stable reliability, but the ENH group showed smaller SEM and MDC values than the EHI group. No systematic errors were found from the Bland-Altman plots. The correlation between the results of the Matrix test and the K-HINT test was high, revealing good concurrent validity.Conclusion: The Korean matrix sentence-in-noise test appeared to be valid and reliable for the elderly. The Korean matrix sentence-in-noise test can be utilized for clinical measurement of the speech-in-noise ability of elderly individuals.

The Impact of Spectral and Temporal Degradation on Vocoded Speech Recognition in Early-Blind Individuals

“…The early-blind and sighted subjects performed four behavioral tests: digit span test ( Wechsler, 1987 ), monosyllable recognition in noise ( Bae et al, 2022 ), Korean Matrix sentence recognition in noise ( Kim and Lee, 2018 ; Jung et al, 2022 ), and vocoded speech recognition ( Choi et al, 2024 ). All tests were conducted in a soundproof room with an audiometer (Madsen Astera 2; GN Otometrics) and a loudspeaker installed in the frontal direction at 1 m from the subject's ear.…”

“…To measure sentence-in-noise recognition, we used the Korean Matrix sentence recognition test ( Kim and Lee, 2018 ; Jung et al, 2021 , 2022 ). All the Korean Matrix sentences used are semantically unpredictable, but they have the same grammatical structure (name, adjective, object, numeral, and verb) because each sentence was generated using a 5 × 10 base word matrix (10 names, 10 adjectives, 10 nouns, 10 numerals, and 10 verbs).…”

Objective and Subjective Measures of Spatial Hearing in Unilateral Cochlear Implant Users with Bilateral Profound Hearing Loss

“…예를 들 어 수평면 혹은 수직면에 설치한 여러 음장스피커를 통해 소 리위치분별(sound localization)을 측정하거나 목표 어음 과 소음 간 위치가 분리된(spatially separated) 소음하 어음 인지검사 등을 객관적 검사로 시행할 수 있다 (Corbin et al, www.e-asr.org WW Jung et al 2021;Firszt et al, 2017;Nelson et al, 2019;Oyamada et al, 2023;Rothpletz et al, 2012). 객관적 공간청취검 사가 어려운 경우 신뢰도와 타당도가 검증된 자가보고 설 문 도구를 통해 난청인의 공간청취 어려움을 주관적으로 평 가할 수 있다 ( Jung et al, 2023b;Noble et al, 2008;Perreau et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2015). 다수의 선행 연 구에서 위치분리가 이루어지지 않은(spatially co-located) 조건에 비해 위치분리된 조건에서 얼마나 소음하 어음인지 가 향상하는지를 통해 위치분리로 인한 차폐감소(spatial release from masking, SRM) 혹은 위치분리혜택(spatial separation benefit) 정도를 도출하였다 (Hawley et al, 2004;King et al, 2020;Litovsky, 2005;Yost, 2017).…”

“…CI: cochlear implant, 4fPTA: pure-tone average across 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, HL: hearing level, S: subject, F: female, M: male 을 측정하기 위해 Korean version of the Spatial Hearing Questionnaire (K-SHQ)( Jung et al, 2023b;Kong et al, 2017)와 Korean version of the Speech, Spatial and 한 상황에서의 어음인지 어려움(문항 #1~4), 위치분리되지 않은 상황에서의 소음하 어음인지 어려움(문항 #5~8), 위치분리된 상 황에서의 소음하 어음인지 어려움(문항 #9~12)을 확인하며, 나 머지 12개 문항을 통해 소리위치분별의 어려움(문항 #13~24)을 확인한다. 24개 문항의 평균 점수를 통해 K-SHQ 총점을 산출 하거나, 세부 항목별로 점수를 구분하여 듣기 상황별 어려움을 확인할 수 있다.…”