Reliability and Economic Evaluation of Offshore Wind Power DC Collection Systems

Abstract

One key directive to realize the global transition towards net-zero emission goals is to integrate more renewable energy resources into the generation mix. Due to higher and more consistent wind speeds, offshore wind farms (OWFs) have the potential to generate more energy at a steadier rate than their onshore counterpart. However, at the collection system level, all the OWFs use alternating current (AC) technology at present. Nonetheless, with an increasing capacity of the single wind turbine (WT) and larger distances to the shore, the use of direct current (DC) technology at the collection system level is beneficial. To select a suitable DC collection system topology, this paper proposes a comprehensive analytical reliability evaluation method, based on the Universal Generating Function technique, together with associated economic factors. Four candidates DC collection system options were evaluated with different WT capacities for a 400 MW OWF. The availability indices such as Generation Ratio Availability and Expected Energy Not Supplied were used to assess their reliability levels. The results show that the radial topology with a single platform DC/DC converter is more reliable and economical than the other candidate options.

Cost of energy reduction for offshore wind energy in South-central Coast, Viet Nam

“…In this section, the LCOE (computed as (1)) will be computed at different turbine nominal powers with the wind speed characteristics determined from previous sections. Currently, the maximum nominal power of the wind generator is 14 MW (Haliade-X, [15]), the power range in this article will be chosen from 1 MW to 25 MW to cover the increasing trend of the nominal power. Despite the fact that the high nominal power is challenging with current technologies, we assume the scaling law applies to all powers.…”

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Efficient Stochastic Model for Operational Availability Optimization of Cooling Tower Using Metaheuristic Algorithms

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