Reliability analysis of GEM® Premier™ technology: a multicenter study

Faggiano, Francesco; Franchin, Tiziana; Ritrovato, Matteo; Derrico, Pietro

doi:10.4081/ecj.2015.4795

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…However, the accuracy of these analysers needs to be tested with already validated blood gas analysers or reference methods. GEM has been validated for precision and accuracy with other blood gas analysers (4,24,26) and hematocrit analyser (24), as well as with standard gold methods or performance measures in terms of mean downtime (10). However, borderline results were obtained for glucose, lactate and potassium analysis at certain concentrations (26).…”

Section: Tab 2 Regression Equation Systematic Proportional and Random...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inappropriate nutrition is one of the main causes of metabolic disorders in ruminants (such as acidosis), leading to performance losses in dairy herds (11,12,23). Blood gas analysers need to be validated and compared with pioneer blood gas analysers that have been validated for precision and accuracy, as has been done for the GEM Premier 3000 (4,10,22,24,26). On the other hand, even a small deviation between the measured values can lead to significant differences despite a high correlation, which can be important for the emergency treatment of patients (29).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the blood gas analyser Edan i15 Vet with the blood gas analyser Gem Premier 3000 for the analysis of blood gases, electrolytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in lactating Holstein

METIN¹,

AKSOY²,

PEKMEZCI³

et al. 2023

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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A point-of-care blood gas analyser, Edan i15 Vet (EDAN), was compared with a benchtop blood gas analyser, GEM Premier 3000 (GEM). GEM and EDAN were used to analyse whole blood from 123 lactating Holsteins within one month of calving for blood gases, electrolytes, hematocrit and hemoglobin. EDAN and GEM showed significant linear correlations for blood gases, electrolytes, Hct and Hb. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) of intercept in Passing-Bablok regressions included zero in pCO2, bicarbonate, TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, hematocrit, and pH, but not for Na+, K+, pO2 and sO2. The CI of the slope included 1.0 for Na+, K+, pCO2, bicarbonate, TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, hematocrit, and pH, but not for pO2, sO2, and hemoglobin. The Bland-Altman plots between EDAN and GEM showed a bias of 1.4% for Na+, 2.4% for K+, –1.6% for pCO2, 3.0% for pO2, –5.3% for bicarbonate, 2.8% for SO2, –7.3% for TCO2, 10.4% for Hct, 21.2% for Hb, –25.1% for BE B and –38.5% for BE ecf. The biases in the analysis of certain estimated parameters were much higher (> 5%) than for measured parameters except for Hct. Parity did not correlate with blood gas parameters but blood pH correlated negatively with K+, pCO2 and positively with pO2, TCO2, sO2, bicarbonate, BE ecf and BE B. The postpartum time correlated positively with pCO2, TCO2, BE and bicarbonate and negatively with Hct and Hb values. Reference values (2.5-97.5% quartiles) were determined for each parameter. Conclusively, EDAN can be used interchangeably with GEM for the analysis of blood pH, K+, pCO2 and HCO3 – as they show acceptable moderate agreement. However, they did not agree for other parameters such as TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, Hb, Hct, sO2, Na+, and pO2, therefore, reference values for each parameter were set for GEM and EDAN.

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Section: Tab 2 Regression Equation Systematic Proportional and Random...mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the blood gas analyser Edan i15 Vet with the blood gas analyser Gem Premier 3000 for the analysis of blood gases, electrolytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in lactating Holstein

METIN¹,

AKSOY²,

PEKMEZCI³

et al. 2023

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Blood gas devices became an important part of the intensive care stations in the hospital(Beneteau-Burnat et al 2004;Faggiano et al 2015) and in the animal health sector(Ballantine and Herbein 1991;Constable et al 2019). Portable small-sized and accurate blood gas devices can be useful for rapid analysis of the blood gases including ICA for the early diagnosis of hypocalcemia (Ballantine and Herbein 1991) because of their easy handling sizes in dairy farms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Whole Blood Ionised Calcium, Lactate and Chloride Concentrations by Gem Premier 3000 and Edan I15 Vet and the Effect of Parity and Postpartum Blood Collection Time on Blood Calcium Status in Holstein With and Without Subclinical Hypocalcemia - Part 1

Denız¹,

Aksoy²,

Metin³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Lactating Holstein (n=125) were enrolled randomly for the coccygeal whole blood analysis by blood gas devices GEM Premier 3000 (GEM) and Edan i15 Vet (EDAN) between calving to postpartum day 3 (G1) and postpartum day 4 to 27 (G2). Blood pH, ionised calcium (ICA7.4) and lactate analysis were significantly correlated between GEM and EDAN (r=0.86, 0.94, 0.87 respectively). The bias for ICA7.4, lactate and pH analysis was -0.054, -0.344 mmol/L and +0.009 respectively. ICA7.4 was correlated negatively with parity and chloride, but positively with lactate. The averages of ICA7.4 and serum total calcium (TC) was significantly lower in G1 than G2. Chloride and lactate were significantly higher in G1 than G2. Subclinical hypocalcemia prevalence (SCH) (serum TC<2.15 mmol/L, as reference) was 52.9% in G1 and 21.1% in G2. Cows with SCH had frequently over 50% ICA7.4/TC ratio. Sensitivity analysis provided a sensitivity of 57.4% for ICA7.4 cut-points of 1.02 (GEM) and 1.05 (EDAN) mmol/L to detect SCH based on reference serum TC. Primiparous (PRP) with and without SCH in G1 had significantly higher ICA7.4 than multiparous (MUL). Cows with SCH had significantly higher chloride in G1 than G2. MUL had significantly higher lactate and chloride in G1 than G2. Conclusively, ICA7.4 and pH analysis between GEM and EDAN were correlated well with acceptable biases, but high differences occurred in lactate analysis. MUL was at risk in G1 due to lower ICA7.4 and TC over PRP. Higher ICA7.4 of PRP can reduce the risk and frequency of clinical hypocalcemia. SCH correlated negatively with Cl concentration in G1, but not lactate.

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Reliability analysis of GEM® Premier™ technology: a multicenter study

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Comparison of the blood gas analyser Edan i15 Vet with the blood gas analyser Gem Premier 3000 for the analysis of blood gases, electrolytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in lactating Holstein

Comparison of the blood gas analyser Edan i15 Vet with the blood gas analyser Gem Premier 3000 for the analysis of blood gases, electrolytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in lactating Holstein

Comparative Analysis of Whole Blood Ionised Calcium, Lactate and Chloride Concentrations by Gem Premier 3000 and Edan I15 Vet and the Effect of Parity and Postpartum Blood Collection Time on Blood Calcium Status in Holstein With and Without Subclinical Hypocalcemia - Part 1

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