Reliability analysis of a two-unit general parallel system with warm standbys

Papageorgiou, Effie; Kokolakis, George

doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2009.04.016

Cited by 50 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Note that while using one or two spares are very typical in practical standby system designs [6,10,29,48,49], larger values of N (6 and 11) are used here to show efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.…”

Section: Example Of Mission Reliability and Expected Cost Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The warm-standby model provides an effective and flexible solution to trade-off these two conflicting design objectives [9][10][11]. Specifically, in a warm-standby system, an element while in the standby mode is partially powered and exposed to operational stresses and is partially ready to take over the task when an online unit becomes faulty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost

Levitin

Xing

Sun

2015

Applied Mathematics and Computation

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Section: Example Of Mission Reliability and Expected Cost Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost

Levitin

Xing

Sun

2015

Applied Mathematics and Computation

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“…7(b), the system probability is calculated by In addition to the evaluation method based on the path probabilities, the system reliability can also be obtained with an upwards (or bottom-up) evaluation algorithm. In this algorithm, the occurrence probability of each node in the MDD is calculated in an upwards manner, as shown in (6) at the bottom of the page. The probabilities of sink node 1, and sink node 0 are simply 1, and 0, respectively.…”

Section: System Mdd Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some models assume cold standby units can be damaged in storage, or fail due to conditions while in storage, most models do not study this behavior. Warm standby can be seen as a generalization of cold and hot standby [6]- [8]. Generally, the cold standby redundancy provides higher system reliability compared with an analogous hot or warm standby system because the lifetime of the component is not consumed at all in the cold standby state [9]- [11] (again, due to common modeling assumptions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Valued Decision Diagram-Based Reliability Analysis of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex> </formula>-out-of-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$n$</tex> </formula> Cold Standby Systems Subject to Scheduled Backups

et al. 2015

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To improve the system reliability while conserving the limited system resources, cold standby sparing is often used. In computing tasks, because active components fail randomly, and the standby component has to pick up the mission task whenever required, scheduled backups are often implemented to save the completed portions of the task. The backups can facilitate an effective system recovery where the standby component can take over the mission task from the last backup point instead of resuming the mission task from the very beginning. This paper considers a -out-of-cold standby system subject to scheduled backups, where components are online and operating, with the remaining components waiting in the unpowered, cold standby mode. Whenever an online component fails, a cold standby component is activated to take over the mission task from the last backup point. The backup intervals are deterministic, but can be even or uneven. As the component may fail due to an imperfect switching from the standby state to the fully powered up state, the switching failure is also considered in the system model. A multi-valued decision diagram (MDD)-based analytical approach is proposed to evaluate the reliability of the considered system, and its complexity is analyzed. The proposed method is applicable to systems with non-identical components following arbitrary lifetime distributions. Examples are given to illustrate the MDD-based method. The correctness and efficiency of the proposed method are verified using Monte Carlo simulations.Index Terms--out-of-cold standby, scheduled backup, multi-valued decision diagram, imperfect switch. ABBREVIATIONS MDDMulti-valued decision diagram CDF Cumulative distribution function NNSN Number of non-sink nodes Manuscript

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“…Chander and Mukendar [6] discussed reliability and economic measures of a 2-out-of-3 redundant system subject to degradation of units. A parallel (2, n-2) (2, n-2)-system was investigated by Papageorgiou and Kokolakis [22], where two units start their operation simultaneously and any one of them is replaced instantaneously upon its failure by one of the (n-2) (n-2) warm standby. El-Said and El-Sherbeny [11] investigated the cost-benefit analysis of a two-unit cold standby system with two-stage repair of a failed unit and discussed the concept of waiting time with two-stage repair for a two-unit cold standby system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performability analysis of a system under 1-out-of-2:G scheme with perfect reworking

Ram

Kumar

2014

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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In safety critical applications, it becomes common to improve the reliability through k-out-of-n redundancy. In this research, the authors have presented an analytical approach to compute the reliability measures of a system, which contains a mixed configuration. The system consists of three subsystems, namely A, B and C, connected in mixed configurations (i.e. combination of series and parallel configuration). Subsystem A is of the type 1-out of-2:G. Subsystem A is connected to subsystem B in a parallel configuration and these two subsystems are connected in series configuration with subsystem C. The considered system has three states, namely, good, degraded and failed. Markov process, supplementary variable technique and Laplace transformation have been used for solution and reliability measures like availability, reliability, mean time to failure, sensitivity analysis and cost-effectiveness have been evaluated of the considered system.

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Reliability analysis of a two-unit general parallel system with warm standbys

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost

Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost

Multi-Valued Decision Diagram-Based Reliability Analysis of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$k$</tex> </formula>-out-of-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$n$</tex> </formula> Cold Standby Systems Subject to Scheduled Backups

Performability analysis of a system under 1-out-of-2:G scheme with perfect reworking

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