Relevance of nucleic acid amplification techniques for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in the clinical laboratory

Ieven, Margareta

doi:10.1016/0167-7012(96)83753-5

Cited by 38 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Ieven and Goossens (29) stated that some investigators ascribe the different results obtained by different methodologies when using the same sample to the unequal distribution of mycobacteria present in sputum and the difficulty in obtaining perfect sample homogeneity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Buijtels and Petit (33), mycobacterial growth is highly affected by the process of sample decontamination; however, this procedure is very important because sputum contains a variety of microorganisms that can grow much faster than MTB. Other studies have shown that this procedure kills 70 to 90% of viable bacilli, changing the low viability of the sample both for culture and for PCR (29,33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture

Chagas

Silva

Bazzo

et al. 2010

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture

Chagas

Silva

Bazzo

et al. 2010

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Many studies of the evaluation of the performance of these kits have revealed that the specificity was excellent, while the sensitivity has varied widely (2,13,22 divergency may result from the way of selecting clinical specimens (i.e., those from patients before or during treatment) and the means of evaluation, where sensitivity and specificity were based on bacteriologic evidence or clinical diagnosis. Given these concerns, a relevant diagnostic value of these assays in an actual clinical setting has not been well established (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of investigators have reported the usefulness of nucleic acid amplification methods to detect M. tuberculosis from clinical specimens (1,3,5,10,15,22,27,29,30,33,37,41). A PCR-based Roche Amplicor Mycobacterium system (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) for detecting M. tuberculosis, M. avium and M. intracellulare and an rRNA amplification-based Gen-Probe Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test system (GenProbe Inc., San Diego, Calif., U.S.A.) for detecting M. tuberculosis are now commercially available (1, 2, 4, 6-9, 11, 12, 18-20, 22-24, 29, 31, 34-36, 38-40).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of the Amplicor PCR Assay for Initial Diagnosis and Assessment of Treatment Response for Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Iinuma

Ichiyama

Yamori

et al. 1998

Microbiology and Immunology

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We evaluated the Amplicor PCR assay as an initial diagnostic tool on the basis of clinical diagnosis, and assessed this assay as a follow-up test for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis during chemotherapy. Of the 208 specimens from 155 patients who were bacteriologically and/or clinically diagnosed with active tuberculosis before chemotherapy, 144 were Amplicor PCR-positive (sensitivity, 69.2%), which was equal to the results of culturing. Among 89 specimens which showed positive results by smear and culturing, the Amplicor PCR assay detected 87 (97.8%), whereas among 55 specimens which showed smearnegative but culture-positive results, the Amplicor PCR assay detected 46 (83.6 %)(P= 0.003). No false positive results were found in the two systems (specificity, 100%, 120/120). The Amplicor PCR assay was also evaluated as a follow-up test using 926 specimens from 207 patients receiving active tuberculosis chemotherapy. Among 433 specimens which showed Amplicor-PCR positive, 222 (51.3%) were culture-negative. On the other hand, among 233 culture-positive specimens, only 12 (5.2%) were Amplicor PCR-negative. Therefore, this assay is useful for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. The duration of Amplicor PCR-positive after culture-negative conversion was significantly associated with the presence of cavitary lesion, smearpositive specimens before treatment, and smear-positive specimens with negative cultures during chemotherapy.

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“…18 Their greatest potential utility is anticipated for the detection of M. pneumoniae, Leigionella species and selected pathogens that infrequently colonize the upper airways in the absences of disease.…”

Section: Dna Probes and Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Management

Lai

2008

Aortic Arch Surgery

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Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a serious medical problem affecting mostly the young healthy adults, children and elderly population all over the globe and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. CAP is the 6th leading cause of death. Millions of people are affected by CAP world over every year from developed to developing countries, most of them needs hospitalized treatment and hence the economic burden on the society is huge. Although diagnostic techniques and antibiotic therapy have improved to a great extent yet optimal management of the disease is still problematic. Lower respiratory tract infection by atypical intracellular pathogens have made the problem of CAP more complicated. This article reviewed the current trends in the evaluation and management of CAP. INTRODUCTIONCommunity acquired pneumonia is defined as pneumonia acquired in the patients home or in non hospital environment being diagnosed within 48 hours of hospital admission. Despite the availability of various diagnostic methods and potent newer antimicrobial agents and effective vaccines CAP occur throughout the globe and stands as the 6th leading cause of death. The mortality rate in hospitalized patients is 14% and in outpatient population is 1% . The morbidity rate is significantly high, lower respiratory tract infection by atypical intracellular pathogens have made the management of CAP more complicated. 1 The disease affects the people of all age group but is more in healthy young adults, children and elderly. Infection is mostly spread by droplet inhalation and most patients affected are previously well. 2 Cigarette smoking, alcoholism, corticosteroid therapy and immune suppression, all impair mucociliary clearance and predispose to infection.The epidemiology of CAP is not clear, because few population based statistics on the condition alone are available. 3 It is estimated that 4 million American adults suffer from CAP each year imposing a significant economic burden on the society with an annual expenditure of approximately 10 million $. 4 The incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization is estimated to be 258 cases per 100,000 population and 926 cases per 100,000 persons > 65 years of age. 5 The incidence of CAP is highest in winter months. EVALUATION ClinicalClinical presentation depends on the micro-biologic agent and host factors such as age, immune status and other comorbid conditions. A detailed history of exposure, travel, hobbies and past medical history is helpful in suggesting a microbiologic etiology. Severity and presenta-tion of CAP ranges from mild to life threatening, although the symptoms may vary. Symptoms of CAP Commonly Include 6• Difficulty in breathing.• Cough that produces yellow or greenish sputum.• Sharp or stabbing chest pain.• High fever that may be accompanied with sweating, chills and uncontrollable shaking.• Rapid, shallow breathing that is often painful. Physical Examination CAP should be suspected in patients with newly acquired lower respiratory symptoms (cough, sput...

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Relevance of nucleic acid amplification techniques for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in the clinical laboratory

Cited by 38 publications

References 86 publications

The use of polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture

The use of polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis of tuberculosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture

Diagnostic Value of the Amplicor PCR Assay for Initial Diagnosis and Assessment of Treatment Response for Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Evaluation and Management

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