Release of Phosphorus by Certain Benthic Invertebrates

Gardner, Wayne S.; Nalepa, Thomas F.; Quigley, Michael A.; Malczyk, John M.

doi:10.1139/f81-131

Cited by 64 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Because of the importance of phosphorus in the eutrophication of many lakes and estuaries, the effects of macroinvertebrate activity in sediments on phosphorus cycling have been a primary focus. Effects include upward transport of phosphorus associated with sediment and pore water during physical activities of benthic macroinvertebrates within burrows, excretion of phosphorus by the organism directly into surrounding sediments or burrows (Gardner et al, 1981), and the excretion of sediment-derived phosphorus directly into overlying waters (Wilhelm et al, 1999). Organism characteristics such as size, behavior, and feeding mode are important determinants of what processes will be dominant and under which environmental conditions (Matisoff & Wang, 1998;Christensen et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the polychaete Neanthes succinea in phosphorus regeneration from sediments in the Salton Sea, California

et al. 2007

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The Salton Sea currently suffers from several well-documented water quality problems associated with high nutrient loading. However, the importance of phosphorus regeneration from sediments has not been established. Sediment phosphorus regeneration rates may be affected by benthic macroinvertebrate activity (e.g. bioturbation and excretion). The polychaete Neanthes succinea (Frey and Leuckart) is the dominant benthic macroinvertebrate in the Salton Sea. It is widely distributed during periods of mixing (winter and spring), and inhabits only shallow water areas following development of anoxia in summer. The contribution of N. succinea to sediment phosphorus regeneration was investigated using laboratory incubations of cores under lake temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations typical of the Salton Sea. Regeneration rates of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) were lowest (-0.23-1.03 mg P m -2 day -1 ) under saturated oxygen conditions, and highest (1.23-4.67 mg P m -2 day -1 ) under reduced oxygen levels. N. succinea most likely stimulated phosphorus regeneration under reduced oxygen levels via increased burrow ventilation rates. Phosphorus excretion rates by N. succinea were 60-70% more rapid under reduced oxygen levels than under saturated or hypoxic conditions. SRP accounted for 71-80% of the dissolved phosphorus excreted under all conditions. Whole-lake SRP regeneration rates predicted from N. succinea biomass densities are highest in early spring, when the lake is mixing frequently and mid-lake phytoplankton populations are maximal. Thus, any additional phosphorus regenerated from the sediments at that time has potential for contributing to the overall production of the lake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the polychaete Neanthes succinea in phosphorus regeneration from sediments in the Salton Sea, California

et al. 2007

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“…Also, Gardner et al (1983) reported an increase of nitrogen release with increasing temperature in Chironomidae and Tubificidae organisms. With regard to the phosphorus excreted by Chironomus larvae measured at 20 °C and at 5 °C after 24 hours of incubation, the data of Gardner et al (1981) were below the expected values, using as a criterion a Q 10 corresponding to 2. Gallep (1979) showed that the phosphorus release rate of Chironomus tentans measured at 20 °C was significantly higher (9 to 10-fold) than at 10 °C.…”

Section: Watermentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Their participation in recycling by excretion depends on their composition, biomass, density, water temperature and oxygen content (Gallep, 1979;Granéli, 1979;Gardner et al, 1981;Fukuhara and Yasuda, 1985;1989;Starkel, 1985;Tatrai, 1986;Fukuhara and Sakamoto, 1987). Devine and Vanni (2002) showed that phosphorus and nitrogen excretion rates by the benthic invertebrates in a eutrophic reservoir presented a higher variability as a function of the organisms' biomass and temperature than as a function of the species' composition.…”

Section: Sampling Of the Benthic Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of excretion by Chironomus larvae on the internal loads of nitrogen and phosphorus in a small eutrophic urban reservoir

Henry

Santos

2008

Braz. J. Biol.

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Measurements of ammonium and phosphate excretion by the Chironomus larvae were conducted in order to evaluate the importance of these chironomids for the internal loads of a small eutrophic urban reservoir. Ammonium and phosphate excretion rates by Chironomus larvae of small size (6-10 mm total length) were significantly higher than those of the Chironomids having medium (9-11 mm) and large (11-16 mm) sizes. A dependence in relation to temperature was recorded for the ammonium and phosphate excretions that was significantly higher at 25 °C than at 20 and 15°C. Through a linear relation between biomass (dry weight) and total length and, between excretion and biomass and, data on chironomids densities, after an intense sampling in 33 sites distributed all along the reservoir bottom, the mean phosphate and ammonium excretion rates corresponded to 2,014 5,134 g.m ) and the mean excretion rates, the contribution of benthic chironomids to the internal loads would be 181 KgP and 147 KgN. for the sampling months (October-November 1998). These values showed that the internal loads by excretion from Chironomus larvae correspond to approximately 33% of the external loads of phosphorus in the lake and, in the case of nitrogen, to only 5%.Keywords: excretion, Chironomus, internal load, reservoir, nutrients. Excreção por quironomídeos em reservatório urbano ResumoMedidas de excreção de amônia e fosfato por larvas de Chironomus foram executadas com a finalidade de avaliar a importância desses quironomídeos nas cargas internas de um pequeno reservatório urbano eutrófico. Taxas de excreção de amônia e fosfato significativamente mais elevadas foram encontradas nas larvas de Chironomus de pequeno (6-10 mm) tamanho, em relação às de tamanho médio (9-11 mm) e grande (11-16 mm). Uma dependência em relação à temperatura foi registrada para a excreção de amônia e fosfato, significativamente mais alta a 25 °C do que a 20 e 15°C. Depois da obtenção das relações lineares entre biomassa (peso seco) e comprimento total e excreção com biomassa e dos dados de densidade de quironomídeos, após amostragem em 33 pontos distribuídos por todo o reservatório, foi possível estimar uma taxa média de excreção de fosfato de 2014 5134 g.m 2 ) e as taxas médias de excreção, a contribuição dos quironomídeos bênticos para as cargas internas seria de 181 KgP e 147 KgN, para o mês da amostragem (outubro-novembro de 1998). Esses valores mostraram que as cargas internas por excreção pelas larvas de Chironomus correspondem aproximadamente a 33% das cargas externas de fósforo para o lago e, somente 5% no caso de nitrogênio.

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“…Gardner et al [23] reported the phosphorus release rate of benthic Tubificids in lake, i.e., inorganic P release rate ranged from 0.16 nmol P (mg ash-free dry weight) −1 h −1 at 5 • C to 0.24 nmol P (mg ash-free dry weight) −1 h −1 at 20 • C, organic P release rate ranged from 0.07 nmol P (mg ash-free dry weight) −1 h −1 at 5 • C to 0.10 nmol P (mg ash-free dry weight) −1 h −1 at 20 • C. However, activated sludge is totally different from sediment because activated sludge containing live bacteria has higher percentage of organic matter. Thus the phosphorus release of worm's predation on activated sludge may be different from that of benthic oligochaetes, i.e., the phosphorus release of benthic oligochaetes mainly results from digestive and excretory processes [23]; the phosphorus release of worm's predation on activated sludge may be caused not only by digestive and excretory processes, but also by disintegration of activated sludge. Due to no measurement of phosphorus in excretion faeces during worm's predation on activated sludge in this study, further investigation will be needed for establishing which processes are main causes of phosphorus release in worm's predation on activated sludge.…”

Section: Release Of Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients release and phosphorus distribution during oligochaetes predation on activated sludge

Wei

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2009

Biochemical Engineering Journal

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a b s t r a c tRelease of nitrogen and phosphorus into effluent of activated sludge process was reported in the recent researches of sludge reduction induced by oligochaetes. In this study, batch test and radioisotope 32 P tracer test were therefore carried out to further investigate nutrients release and phosphorus distribution among supernatant, sludge and worm during predation of oligochaetes on sludge. Results showed that more nutrients release into supernatant occurred in the tests of worms with sterilized sludge than that of worms with activated sludge, and release of nitrogen and phosphorus was few in the tests of worms with activated sludge. Statistical analysis showed that no factor was significantly correlated with phosphorus concentration in the supernatant, but time and worm were only two factors significantly affecting total nitrogen (TN) concentration in the supernatant in the test of worms with activated sludge. Through test of radioisotope 32 P tracer, 32 P mainly distributed in activated sludge and supernatant, and more release of 32 P into the supernatant occurred in the test of sludge with worms. After 24 h, 32 P concentration of supernatant in the test of sludge with worms was 9% higher than that in the test of sludge without worms, and 32 P concentration of worm increased by 2.7%. Additionally, the release rate of phosphorus into supernatant caused by worm's predation on activated sludge was 0.1211 mgTP/gWorm (wet weight) h.

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Release of Phosphorus by Certain Benthic Invertebrates

Cited by 64 publications

References 12 publications

Role of the polychaete Neanthes succinea in phosphorus regeneration from sediments in the Salton Sea, California

Role of the polychaete Neanthes succinea in phosphorus regeneration from sediments in the Salton Sea, California

The importance of excretion by Chironomus larvae on the internal loads of nitrogen and phosphorus in a small eutrophic urban reservoir

Nutrients release and phosphorus distribution during oligochaetes predation on activated sludge

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