Release of mannitol from Pilayella littoralis (Phaeophyta. Ectocarpales) in response to hypoosmotic stress

Reed, Robert H.; Wright, P. J.

doi:10.3354/meps029205

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Very different results have been obtained for the non-local sandstone; these are generally much more deeply weathered on their eastern than western sides. Weathering is also greater on the eastern sides of Sussex church towers [15].…”

Section: Aspect and Weathering Amountsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The most notable difference is the absence on the gravestones of honeycombing or alveolar weathering which is widespread on the natural outcrops and also occurs on sandstone blocks used to build local churches [15]. In part this may be due to differences in the age of the rock surfaces.…”

Section: Comparison With Weathering On Natural Outcropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, it may reflect the relative young age of the gravestones. Spalling rarely afflicts Sussex sandstone churches built in the last 200 years and only becomes a noticeable feature on churches that are at least 500 years old [15].…”

Section: Comparison With Weathering On Natural Outcropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extracts, after addition of 0. 1% potassium chloride, were analysed for calcium on a Perkin-Elmer 3030 atomic absorption spectrophotometer according to the standard recommended method [15]. For analyses of lead and zinc contents, approximately 2g of dried sample was sonicated (lhr) in 2M nitric acid (Aristar, 30 mL).…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They often outcrop as valley side cliffs and crags, and in recent years there have been a number of studies of the weathering of these cliffs [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and of the weathering of the sandstone when used as building stone [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation

Jones

Wakefield

1999

Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation

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Section: Aspect and Weathering Amountsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Comparison With Weathering On Natural Outcropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Weathering On Natural Outcropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation

Jones

Wakefield

1999

Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation

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Flow-seaweed interactions of Saccharina latissima at a blade scale: turbulence, drag force, and blade dynamics

Vettori

Nikora

2019

Aquat Sci

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Physical interactions between seaweed blades of Saccharina latissima and unidirectional turbulent flow were examined in an open-channel flume, focussing on flow velocities, drag force acting on a blade, and blade reconfiguration. The data reveal that seaweed blades adjust to high-energy flow conditions relatively quickly, efficiently reducing flow-induced drag via compaction, a mechanism of blade reconfiguration. The drag coefficient of blades of S. latissima varied between 0.02 and 0.07 over a range of mean flow velocities from 0.1 to 0.55 m/s. Both flow action and blade biomechanical characteristics influenced the blade dynamics, with the flow role being predominant in highly energetic conditions. The interaction mechanisms and their strength were found to be scale-dependent, with the combined effect of reduced mean flow velocity and enhanced turbulence in blade wakes. The thickness of the diffusive boundary layer, an important factor in nutrient uptake from the surrounding water, was estimated to be in the range from 0.010 to 0.067 mm. Mechanisms of blade adjustment to the flow and scale-dependent dynamic interactions between blades and turbulent eddies have direct implications for seaweed growth, acclimation, and survival. The estimates of the drag coefficient and the thickness of the diffusive boundary layer will be useful for the development of bio-physical models, environmental assessments, and design of seaweed farms.

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Iodine contributes to osmotic acclimatisation in the kelp Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae)

Nitschke

Stengel

2013

Planta

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Iodide (I⁻) retained by the brown macroalga Laminaria digitata at millimolar levels, possesses antioxidant activities, but the wider physiological significance of its accumulation remains poorly understood. In its natural habitat in the lower intertidal, L. digitata experiences salinity changes and osmotic homeostasis is achieved by regulating the organic osmolyte mannitol. However, I⁻ may also holds an osmotic function. Here, impacts of hypo- and hypersaline conditions on I⁻ release from, and accumulation by, L. digitata were assessed. Additionally, mannitol accumulation was determined at high salinities, and physiological responses to externally elevated iodine concentrations and salinities were characterised by chl a fluorometry. Net I⁻ release rates increased with decreasing salinity. I⁻ was accumulated at normal (35 S A) and high salinities (50 S A); this coincided with enhanced rETRmax and qP causing pronounced photoprotection capabilities via NPQ. At 50 S A elevated tissue iodine levels impeded the well-established response of mannitol accumulation and prevented photoinhibition. Contrarily, low tissue iodine levels limited photoprotection capabilities and resulted in photoinhibition at 50 S A, even though mannitol was accumulated. The results indicate a, so far, undescribed osmotic function of I⁻ in L. digitata and, thus, multifunctional principles of this halogen in kelps. The osmotic function of mannitol may have been substituted by that of I⁻ under hypersaline conditions, suggesting a complementary role of inorganic and organic solutes under salinity stress. This study also provides first evidence that iodine accumulation in L. digitata positively affects photo-physiology.

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Release of mannitol from Pilayella littoralis (Phaeophyta. Ectocarpales) in response to hypoosmotic stress

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation

Aspects of Stone Weathering, Decay and Conservation

Flow-seaweed interactions of Saccharina latissima at a blade scale: turbulence, drag force, and blade dynamics

Iodine contributes to osmotic acclimatisation in the kelp Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae)

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