Release of growth factors from a reinforced collagen GAG matrix supplemented with platelet rich plasma: Influence on cultured human meniscal cells

Abstract

Damage to meniscal cartilage has been strongly linked to accelerated articular wear and consequently to osteoarthritis. Damage might be ameliorated by delivery of growth factors from platelet rich plasma (PRP) via a fiber reinforced collagen matrix designed for meniscal repair. PRP composition, release of growth factors, and influence on meniscal cell growth and gene expression were investigated. PRP was prepared using Harvest Smartprep (HS-PRP), Cascade Fibrinet (CF-PRP), and a simple centrifuge protocol (DC-PRP) from four donors each. CF-PRP had the highest ratio of platelets, with very few other blood cell types. HS-PRP had the highest total number of platelets but also contained high levels of red and white blood cells. Absorbed to collagen matrices HS-PRP released the highest levels of TGF-b1 and PDGF-AB with DC-PRP the most IGF-1. Cumulative release from collagen matrix was 48 ng/ cm 3 IGF-1, 96 ng/cm 3 TGF-b1, and 9.6 ng/cm 3 PDGF-AB. Collagen matrix with PRP was able to increase meniscal cell number above peripheral whole blood and up-regulated gene expression of Aggrecan, Collagen type I (a1), and Elastin (3.3 AE 0.8-fold, 2.9 AE 0.6-fold, 4.0 AE 1.4-fold, respectively). Demonstrating that PRP combined with fiber reinforced collagen matrix could influence meniscal cells and might be of use for treating meniscal defects. ß

Extruded collagen fibres and biphasic collagen sponge for rotator cuff tendon repair application: an ovine in vitro study

“…However, statistical tests performed before the experiment indicated that samples from a minimum of three independent sheep would yield results with adequate power. Our previous experimentation had also shown that this would be adequate, nevertheless more samples would have strengthened the data 26 . The other deficit of our experiment was a lack of qualitative information such as microscopy.…”

Platelet-Rich Plasma: From Laboratory to the Clinic

“…Recently, PRP composition, release of growth factors, and influence on meniscal cell growth and gene expression were investigated. Collagen matrix with PRP was able to increase meniscal cell number above peripheral whole blood and upregulated gene expression of aggrecan, collagen type I (a1), and elastin (Howard et al 2014). PRP combined with fiber-reinforced collagen matrix suggests to influence meniscal cells and might be of use for treating meniscal defects.…”

Novel Approaches in Meniscal Repair Utilizing Mesenchymal Stem Cells, New Generation Bioscaffolds and Biological Adhesives as Cell Delivery Vehicles

“…Radial-longitudinal tears [173] Electro spun type I collagen scaffolds and vascular/avascular region meniscal cells Avascular meniscal tears [174] Radio opaque electro spun scaffold Meniscal regrowth [176] Wrapping of meniscal defects with collagen membrane and injection of MSCs Tears in avascular zone [156] Aligned electro spun nano fibrous scaffold Radial tear [178] Collagen gel scaffold or HA hydrogel delivery of meniscal, synovial and adipose cells Bucket handle tear [177] Type I collagen scaffold/ infrapatellar fat pad Anterior 2 mm round holes [179] Chondrocyte + PLGA mesh scaffold + PRP Chondrocytes evaluated [180] Meniscal cells in fibre reinforced collagen-GAG scaffold + PRP Gene profiling study [168]…”

“…An alternative approach is the co-culture of MSCs with chondrocytes or meniscal cells to pre-condition these or expand cell numbers prior to their incorporation into bioscaffolds, hydrogels or bioadhesives prior to administration to the meniscal defect [159,164] (Figure 3a and b). Platelet rich plasma or platelet rich fibrin clots have been used to enhance meniscal repair in bioscaffolds [120,[165][166][167][168][169][170][171].…”

“…The use of a type I collagen scaffold and infrapatellar fat pad for meniscal repair has been evaluated in rabbits [179]. PLGA mesh and fibre reinforced collagen-GAG scaffolds seeded with chondrocytes [180] or meniscal cells [168] supplemented with PRP have been evaluated for meniscal repair. Minced juvenile menisci sandwiched with meniscal explants from inner meniscal regions have been evaluated for their reparative potential on tears of the inner meniscal regions [181].…”