Release of essential plant nutrients from manure- and wood-based biochars

Piash, Mahmudul Islam; Iwabuchi, Kazunori; Itoh, Takanori; Uemura, Koki

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115100

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Mensah and Frimpong [23] reported that biochar addition in two soil types significantly increased biomass and yield of maize. Moreover, adding biochar to soil, with or without chemical fertilizer, has been reported to supply sufficient macro-and micro-nutrients to plants [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Application of Biochar and Lime Increases Maize Yield and Accelerates Carbon Loss from an Acidic Soil

et al. 2021

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Biochar, an ecologically friendly soil amendment, is suggested for large-scale field application for its multiple potential benefits, including carbon sequestration, crop yield improvement, and the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions. However, it is unknown how effective it is in changing soil properties and its associated yield improvement when biochar is co-applied with lime in acidic soil. Here, we examined the effects of two different biochars, i.e., rice husk biochar (RHB) and oil palm empty fruit bunches biochar (EFBB), and lime on nutrient availability, the yield of maize, and soil CO2 emission of acid soil. Biochars were applied at two different rates (10 and 15 t ha−1) in combination with two rates of lime (100% and 75%), while the recommended rate of NPK fertilizers, 100% lime, and without any amendments (control) were also included. Hybrid sweet corn was grown in pots with 20 kg soils for 75 days. Plant performance and soil analyses were performed before and after crop maize cultivation while CO2 emission was recorded. Compared to the control, combined RHB biochars with lime significantly buffered soil pH and increased nutrient availability (e.g., P by 137%), while reducing Al and Fe concentration at harvest. These changes in soil properties significantly increased maize yield (by 77.59%) and nutrient uptake compared to the control. Between the two biochars, RHB was relatively more effective in making these changes than EFBB. However, this treatment contributed to a greater carbon loss as CO2 (209% and 145% higher with RHB and EFBB) from soil than the control. We believe that biochar-mediated buffering of soil pH is responsible for this change. Our results suggest that combined biochar application could bring desirable changes in soil properties and increase crop performance, although these effects can be short-lived.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Application of Biochar and Lime Increases Maize Yield and Accelerates Carbon Loss from an Acidic Soil

et al. 2021

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“…Biochar did not suppress plant growth, as aboveground biomass and NPP were unaffected, but may instead have acted as a nutrient source, either through its inherent properties (Yamato et al, 2006) or by retaining available nutrients through sorption (Schofield et al, 2019). Wood-based biochars typically release less N and P compared to other biochar feedstocks (e.g., poultry manure) (Piash et al, 2021), however they have been found to absorb available N (Fidel et al, 2018) and P (Zhang et al, 2016;Gao and DeLuca, 2018). Additionally, biochar pore sizes may prevent plant root access, however AMF hyphae are smaller than plant roots and can harvest P from biochar surfaces (Hammer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal Symbioses Enhance Competitive Weed Growth in Biochar and Nutrient-Amended Soils

et al. 2021

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Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) is a highly competitive weed in agroecosystems that is well-studied for its efficient nitrogen (N) acquisition, yet research on its phosphorus (P) uptake is lacking. One pathway may be through symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) which increase nutrient acquisition. These AMF benefits can be further enhanced by soil amendment with biochar, although effects may vary with different biochar production characteristics. We implemented a fully factorial nutrient and biochar addition experiment in a greenhouse for six months to determine how AMF nutrient uptake impacts plant growth and how these effects vary between two biochar types. We measured total above- and belowground biomass, plant tissue concentration (N and P), AMF colonization and activity rates, and soil media N and P availability. Overall, we observed few statistically significant results, however AMF N uptake may have been more beneficial to velvetleaf than AMF P uptake as evidenced by increased biomass and tissue N concentrations in treatments where N was only accessible by AMF. Additionally, by maintaining root to shoot ratios biochar may have provided plants with N and P (through sorption of nutrients to surfaces or its inherent properties) when nutrients were more difficult to access. We also found variable plant responses across the two biochar types used. Understanding how nutrient and biochar additions can influence weed competition is important for anticipating potential undesirable consequences of novel soil amendments such as biochar.

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“…The minerals as the main portion of the ash in biochar often exist as oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates and what like, which are assumed to be related to the pH and EC values in biochar (Hung et al 2017;Piash et al 2021). The ash percentage of the halophyte biochars was strongly related to the pH value (r = 0.84, p < 0.05) and K content (r = 0.94, p < 0.01), but weakly to EC value (r = 0.61, p > 0.05).…”

Section: Mineral Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of biochar properties from 5 kinds of halophyte produced by slow pyrolysis at 500 °C

Xiao

Lin

et al. 2022

Biochar

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Glycophyte biomass-derived biochars are currently concerned in most studies. However, little attention is given to the characteristics of halophyte-derived biochars. In this study, five typical halophytes of euhalophytes (Suaeda altissima, Suaeda salsa, and Kalidium foliatum), recretohalophytes (Phragmites australis), and pseudohalophytes (Tamarix chinensis) which are widely distributed in the arid and semiarid regions of northwestern China were selected for producing biochars with a slow pyrolysis process at 500 °C for 1 h. The harvested biochars were characterized in elemental content, pores, surface area, and surface charges, and then their potential value as a soil conditioner was evaluated. The results showed that the halophyte-derived biochars had variable ash and Na+ contents, ranging from 7.26 to 23.64% and 1.06 to 33.93 g kg−1 respectively. The EC value of the biochars ranged from 1.76 to 23.45 mS cm−1. The biochar derived from Suaeda altissima had a very low specific surface area (SSA), 3.50 m2 g−1, while that derived from Phragmites australis (BPA) had a very high SSA, 344.02 m2 g−1. All the biochars carried both positive and negative charges. Kalidium foliatum biochar (BKF) possessed more negative charges, while Suaeda altissima biochar (BSA) contained more positive charges. In general, the halophyte biochars had a higher ash content and lower point of zero net charge (PZNC) value, compared with the biochars derived from glycophytes, which would imply their higher potential value as an acidic soil conditioner.

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Release of essential plant nutrients from manure- and wood-based biochars

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Combined Application of Biochar and Lime Increases Maize Yield and Accelerates Carbon Loss from an Acidic Soil

Combined Application of Biochar and Lime Increases Maize Yield and Accelerates Carbon Loss from an Acidic Soil

Mycorrhizal Symbioses Enhance Competitive Weed Growth in Biochar and Nutrient-Amended Soils

Comparison of biochar properties from 5 kinds of halophyte produced by slow pyrolysis at 500 °C

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