Abstract:The estimated and concerning rise in world population over the next few years and the consequent increase in food demand will lead to a deterioration in global food security. To avoid or reduce this world crisis, informed and empowered consumers are turning to sustainable and nutrient-rich foods that substitute animal products, also reducing their associated environmental impact. Moreover, due to the demonstrated influence of diet on the risk of high incidence and mortality of noncommunicable diseases, the cur… Show more
“…This behavior suggests that at low doses, the antioxidant compounds in the LPI fraction surpassed the potential pro-oxidant activity of the other compounds also present in the fraction. Similarly, low doses of Erythrina edulis protein digest and its >10 kDa fraction showed antioxidant activity in this cell model, while high doses showed pro-oxidant effects [ 48 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous works have also described the NO-inducing properties of peptides from other food sources, although these controversial results preclude the association of immunostimulatory effects with a specific range of molecular weights. Thus, while Li and coworkers [ 52 ] reported the ability of the <3 kDa peptide fraction from Tricholoma matsutake water extract to induce NO production by basal macrophages, Correa et al did not find any effect for low-molecular-weight peptides released from pajuro protein under simulated gastrointestinal digestion [ 48 ]. The peptides isolated from Anguilla anguilla also stimulated NO release by basal RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent way, although the responsible sequences were not identified [ 53 ].…”
The innate and adaptative immune systems are involved in the regulation of inflammatory and oxidative processes and mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). The exacerbated action of these players results in an oxidative stress status and chronic inflammation, which is responsible for the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). By modulating these mediators, bioactive compounds in food can exert a key role in the prevention of several NCDs. Among these compounds, soybean proteins and peptides such as lunasin have been considered to be among the most promising. The aim of this study was to obtain and characterize a soluble protein-enriched extract from a commercial soybean protein isolate and fractionate it into different fractions through ultrafiltration. Their antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties were then evaluated using biochemical and cell models. A total of 535 proteins (from 282 protein groups) were identified in the extract, in which the presence of the peptide lunasin was confirmed. The enrichment of this peptide was achieved in the 3–10 kDa fraction. The protective effects against the oxidative stress induced by LPS in the macrophage model could have been mediated by the radical scavenging capacity of the peptides present in the soybean samples. Under basal conditions, the extract and its ultrafiltered fractions activated macrophages and induced the release of NO. However, under challenged conditions, the whole extract potentiated the NO-stimulating effects of LPS, whereas the fraction containing 3–10 kDa peptides, including lunasin, counteracted the LPS-induced NO increase. Our findings suggest a promising role of soybean protein as an ingredient for functional foods and nutraceuticals aimed at promoting health and preventing oxidative stress and/or immune-alteration-associated diseases.
“…This behavior suggests that at low doses, the antioxidant compounds in the LPI fraction surpassed the potential pro-oxidant activity of the other compounds also present in the fraction. Similarly, low doses of Erythrina edulis protein digest and its >10 kDa fraction showed antioxidant activity in this cell model, while high doses showed pro-oxidant effects [ 48 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous works have also described the NO-inducing properties of peptides from other food sources, although these controversial results preclude the association of immunostimulatory effects with a specific range of molecular weights. Thus, while Li and coworkers [ 52 ] reported the ability of the <3 kDa peptide fraction from Tricholoma matsutake water extract to induce NO production by basal macrophages, Correa et al did not find any effect for low-molecular-weight peptides released from pajuro protein under simulated gastrointestinal digestion [ 48 ]. The peptides isolated from Anguilla anguilla also stimulated NO release by basal RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent way, although the responsible sequences were not identified [ 53 ].…”
The innate and adaptative immune systems are involved in the regulation of inflammatory and oxidative processes and mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). The exacerbated action of these players results in an oxidative stress status and chronic inflammation, which is responsible for the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). By modulating these mediators, bioactive compounds in food can exert a key role in the prevention of several NCDs. Among these compounds, soybean proteins and peptides such as lunasin have been considered to be among the most promising. The aim of this study was to obtain and characterize a soluble protein-enriched extract from a commercial soybean protein isolate and fractionate it into different fractions through ultrafiltration. Their antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties were then evaluated using biochemical and cell models. A total of 535 proteins (from 282 protein groups) were identified in the extract, in which the presence of the peptide lunasin was confirmed. The enrichment of this peptide was achieved in the 3–10 kDa fraction. The protective effects against the oxidative stress induced by LPS in the macrophage model could have been mediated by the radical scavenging capacity of the peptides present in the soybean samples. Under basal conditions, the extract and its ultrafiltered fractions activated macrophages and induced the release of NO. However, under challenged conditions, the whole extract potentiated the NO-stimulating effects of LPS, whereas the fraction containing 3–10 kDa peptides, including lunasin, counteracted the LPS-induced NO increase. Our findings suggest a promising role of soybean protein as an ingredient for functional foods and nutraceuticals aimed at promoting health and preventing oxidative stress and/or immune-alteration-associated diseases.
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