“…), thereby minimizing the dosage of drugs. 42 , 43 Nanocarriers can provide protection for their loaded “cargo” and effectively transport them to inaccessible areas, such as the brain. 8 Figure 2 Various novel nanomaterials for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.…”
Section: Nanotherapeutic Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…), thereby minimizing the dosage of drugs. 42,43 Nanocarriers can provide protection for their loaded "cargo" and effectively transport them to inaccessible areas, such as the brain. 8 Protein misfolding and aggregation is a common pathogenic hallmark in various neurodegenerative disorders, including AD, PD and HD.…”
Neurodegeneration is characterized by progressive, disabling, and incurable neurological disorders with the massive loss of specific neurons. As one of the most promising potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases, stem cell therapy exerts beneficial effects through different mechanisms, such as direct replacement of damaged or lost cells, secretion of neurotrophic and growth factors, decreased neuroinflammation, and activation of endogenous stem cells. However, poor survival and differentiation rates of transplanted stem cells, insufficient homing ability, and difficulty tracking after transplantation limit their further clinical use. The rapid development of nanotechnology provides many promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications, which already have many applications in neurodegenerative disease treatment and seem to be able to compensate for some of the deficiencies in stem cell therapy, such as transport of stem cells/genes/drugs, regulating stem cell differentiation, and real-time tracking in stem cell therapy. Therefore, nanotherapeutic strategies combined with stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic approach to treating neurodegenerative diseases. The present review systematically summarizes recent advances in stem cell therapeutics and nanotherapeutic strategies and highlights how they can be combined to improve therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
“…), thereby minimizing the dosage of drugs. 42 , 43 Nanocarriers can provide protection for their loaded “cargo” and effectively transport them to inaccessible areas, such as the brain. 8 Figure 2 Various novel nanomaterials for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.…”
Section: Nanotherapeutic Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…), thereby minimizing the dosage of drugs. 42,43 Nanocarriers can provide protection for their loaded "cargo" and effectively transport them to inaccessible areas, such as the brain. 8 Protein misfolding and aggregation is a common pathogenic hallmark in various neurodegenerative disorders, including AD, PD and HD.…”
Neurodegeneration is characterized by progressive, disabling, and incurable neurological disorders with the massive loss of specific neurons. As one of the most promising potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases, stem cell therapy exerts beneficial effects through different mechanisms, such as direct replacement of damaged or lost cells, secretion of neurotrophic and growth factors, decreased neuroinflammation, and activation of endogenous stem cells. However, poor survival and differentiation rates of transplanted stem cells, insufficient homing ability, and difficulty tracking after transplantation limit their further clinical use. The rapid development of nanotechnology provides many promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications, which already have many applications in neurodegenerative disease treatment and seem to be able to compensate for some of the deficiencies in stem cell therapy, such as transport of stem cells/genes/drugs, regulating stem cell differentiation, and real-time tracking in stem cell therapy. Therefore, nanotherapeutic strategies combined with stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic approach to treating neurodegenerative diseases. The present review systematically summarizes recent advances in stem cell therapeutics and nanotherapeutic strategies and highlights how they can be combined to improve therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
“…Furthermore, externally applied products are expected to maintain their initial concentration in PHs and be stable over time but diverse environmental conditions and low stability of the molecules can affect the treatment. Even the structure of the molecule can be affected by light or temperature, modifying its behaviour and decreasing its efficiency [ 113 ].…”
Section: Phytohormone Modulate Plant Tolerance To Several Stressesmentioning
Climate change due to different human activities is causing adverse environmental conditions and uncontrolled extreme weather events. These harsh conditions are directly affecting the crop areas, and consequently, their yield (both in quantity and quality) is often impaired. It is essential to seek new advanced technologies to allow plants to tolerate environmental stresses and maintain their normal growth and development. Treatments performed with exogenous phytohormones stand out because they mitigate the negative effects of stress and promote the growth rate of plants. However, the technical limitations in field application, the putative side effects, and the difficulty in determining the correct dose, limit their widespread use. Nanoencapsulated systems have attracted attention because they allow a controlled delivery of active compounds and for their protection with eco-friendly shell biomaterials. Encapsulation is in continuous evolution due to the development and improvement of new techniques economically affordable and environmentally friendly, as well as new biomaterials with high affinity to carry and coat bioactive compounds. Despite their potential as an efficient alternative to phytohormone treatments, encapsulation systems remain relatively unexplored to date. This review aims to emphasize the potential of phytohormone treatments as a means of enhancing plant stress tolerance, with a specific focus on the benefits that can be gained through the improved exogenous application of these treatments using encapsulation techniques. Moreover, the main encapsulation techniques, shell materials and recent work on plants treated with encapsulated phytohormones have been compiled.
“…21 Microfluidicsassembled smart microcapsules with engineering structures have been widely explored, such as core-shell microcapsules protecting encapsulants from degradation, 22,23 multiple separate compartments enabling co-encapsulation and drug synergy, 24,25 and responsive membranes achieving stimulustriggered release to target sites. [26][27][28] Although there are excellent reviews published on smart microcapsules, some highlight a particular class, such as stimulus-responsive property, 29 smart membranes, 30 or smart gating, 31 and others focus on specific applications. 9,15 In the preparation of smart microcapsules, an important step is not only the selection of an encapsulation carrier for an encapsulant based on final applications, but also the target delivery and controlled release performance, including sites and modes of release.…”
Smart microcapsules, as promising delivery systems, have garnered significant attention for targeted delivery loaded diverse active materials. By precisely manipulating fluids on the micrometer scale, microfluidic has emerged as a...
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