Release, Dispersal, and Recovery of a Laboratory-Selected Strain of the Walnut Aphid Parasite Trioxys pallidus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) Resistant to Azinphosmethyl

Hoy, Marjorie A.; Cave, Frances; Beede, Robert H.; Grant, Jerome F.; Krueger, William H.; Olson, William H.; Spollen, Kevin M.; Barnett, W. W.; Hendricks, Lonnie C.

doi:10.1093/jee/83.1.89

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Subsequently, a second introduction from Iran led to widespread establishment and reduction in walnut aphid densities throughout California (van den Bosch et al., ). While outbreaks of walnut aphids have occurred since the establishment of the Iranian strain of T. pallidus , these were associated with the use of azinphosmethyl, an insecticide used for the control of other walnut pests, and a resistant population of T. pallidus was reared and released (Brown, Cave, & Hoy, ; Hoy & Cave, ; Hoy et al., ). More recently, localized increases in the abundance of aphids have led to a resumption of in‐season insecticidal treatments in walnut orchards in California (Hougardy & Mills, ), and the reason for this remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genetics of invasive populations of walnut aphid, Chromaphis juglandicola, and its introduced parasitoid, Trioxys pallidus, in California

Andersen

Mills

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Coevolution may be an important component of the sustainability of importation biological control, but how frequently introduced natural enemies coevolve with their target pests is unclear. Here we explore whether comparative population genetics of the invasive walnut aphid, Chromaphis juglandicola, and its introduced parasitoid, Trioxys pallidus, provide insights into the localized breakdown of biological control services in walnut orchards in California. We found that sampled populations of C. juglandicola exhibited higher estimates of genetic differentiation (FST) than co‐occurring populations of T. pallidus. In contrast, estimates of both the inbreeding coefficient (GIS) and contemporary gene flow were higher for T. pallidus than for C. juglandicola. We also found evidence of reciprocal outlier loci in some locations, but none showed significant signatures of selection. Synthesis and applications. Understanding the importance of coevolutionary interactions for the sustainability of biological control remains an important and understudied component of biological control research. Given the observed differences in gene flow and genetic differentiation among populations of T. pallidus and C. juglandicola, we suspect that temporary local disruption of biological control services may occur more frequently than expected while remaining stable at broader regional scales. Further research that combines genomewide single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping with measurements of phenotypic traits is needed to provide more conclusive evidence of whether the occurrence of outlier loci that display significant signatures of selection can be interpreted as evidence of the presence of a geographic mosaic of coevolution in this system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genetics of invasive populations of walnut aphid, Chromaphis juglandicola, and its introduced parasitoid, Trioxys pallidus, in California

Andersen

Mills

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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“…established well (Croft & Hoying, 1975;Meyer, 1975;Hoy et al, 1980Hoy et al, , 1983Hoy et al, , 1985Hoy et al, , 1990Roush & Hoy, 1981b;Strickler & Croft, 1982;Hoy, 1982Hoy, , 1988bHoy, , 1990Field & Hoy, 1984;Hoy & Cave, 1991;Navajas et al, 2001). A few studies further demonstrated that pest control was improved when insecticides were applied , 1981bHoy, 1982;Hoy et al, 1983;Jalali et al, 2002Jalali et al, , 2006bBallal et al, 2009;Venkatesan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Performance Of Biocontrol Agents In Specific Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In general, the tests showed that the improved biocontrol agent established well (Croft & Hoying, 1975;Meyer, 1975;Hoy et al, 1980Hoy et al, , 1983Hoy et al, , 1985Hoy et al, , 1990Roush & Hoy, 1981b;Strickler & Croft, 1982;Hoy, 1982Hoy, , 1988bHoy, , 1990Field & Hoy, 1984;Hoy & Cave, 1991;Navajas et al, 2001). In general, the tests showed that the improved biocontrol agent established well (Croft & Hoying, 1975;Meyer, 1975;Hoy et al, 1980Hoy et al, , 1983Hoy et al, , 1985Hoy et al, , 1990Roush & Hoy, 1981b;Strickler & Croft, 1982;Hoy, 1982Hoy, , 1988bHoy, , 1990Field & Hoy, 1984;Hoy & Cave, 1991;Navajas et al, 2001).…”

Section: Performance Of Biocontrol Agents In Specific Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does experimental evolution produce better biological control agents? A critical review of the evidence

Lirakis

Magalhães

2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Biological control of crop pests is considered a good alternative or complement to the use of pesticides. However, legislation restricts the importation of natural enemies of pests. A potential way to circumvent this limitation is by using experimental evolution and/or artificial selection to improve native biological control agents. Here, we review studies that have used these methodologies and evaluate their success. Experimental evolution or artificial selection has been used on a wide range of traits, with most focusing on improving the performance of natural enemies in ecologically relevant environments, such as in the presence of pesticides or at different temperatures. Although most studies were poorly replicated, the selected traits generally improved following the selection process. However, correlated responses (often in the form of trade-offs) with other traits of interest were common. We suggest that the selection procedure can be improved by increasing replication and performing experimental evolution under more semi-natural environments, to ensure that the most useful traits are being selected.

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“…Selection of insecticide-resistant predators and parasitoids has thus long captured the attention of entomologists. However, only limited success had been achieved in several laboratory populations of parasitoid (Hoy et al, 1990;Jalali et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2007). Significant resistance to insecticides existed in several field populations of parasitoid wasps, and the resistant parasitoids could survive control rate in the field (Rathman et al, 1995;Spollen et al, 1995;Baker et al, 1998;Liu et al, 2007).…”

Section: Sources Of Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive correlation of methamidophos resistance between Lipaphis erysimi and Diaeretilla rapae and effects of methamidophos ingested by host insect on the parasitoid

Lin

Miyata

et al. 2009

Insect Science

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Positive correlation of methamidophos resistance betweenLipaphis erysimi and Diaeretilla rapae and effects of methamidophos ingested by host insect on the parasitoid Abstract Temporal and spatial correlated variations on the methamidophos resistance and biomolecular rate constant of acetylcholinesterase to insecticides were found between the turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi and its endoparasitoid, Diaeretilla rapae, collected from field colonies and an insecticide-free field insectarium in Fujian, China. Compared to the related susceptible insectarium population, L. erysimi and D. rapae displayed 7.4-29.2-and 2.6-9.2-fold resistance ratios, respectively. In addition, two populations of L. erysimi with different methamidophos resistance levels, that is, a field (with 5.8-fold resistance ratio) and an insectarium population, were used to study the effects of methamidophos ingested by the host insect on D. rapae development. The percentage of D. rapae cocoon formation decreased significantly when the parasitized L. erysimi were fed on cauliflower leaves treated with methamidophos at lethal concentration dosages 10 (LC 10 ) or LC 50 . At LC 50 dosages the percentage of D. rapae cocoon formation and adult emergence decreased significantly. When the parasitized L. erysimi were fed on methamidophos at LC 90 dosage, no D. rapae cocoons were found. When the field or insectarium L. erysimi were treated with methamidophos at LC 10 , the susceptibility to methamidophos in the adult D. rapae emerged from the treated host insect was similar to the control. However, the susceptibility to methamidophos in the adult D. rapae became lower than the control when the host insects were treated at LC 50 dosages. The data thus suggested that the methamidophos ingested by the host insect L. erysimi could be an important factor in the endoparasitoids' insecticide resistance development. The natural selectivity would favor the parasitoids that had developed an insensitivity to the insecticide(s).

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Release, Dispersal, and Recovery of a Laboratory-Selected Strain of the Walnut Aphid Parasite Trioxys pallidus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) Resistant to Azinphosmethyl

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative genetics of invasive populations of walnut aphid, Chromaphis juglandicola, and its introduced parasitoid, Trioxys pallidus, in California

Comparative genetics of invasive populations of walnut aphid, Chromaphis juglandicola, and its introduced parasitoid, Trioxys pallidus, in California

Does experimental evolution produce better biological control agents? A critical review of the evidence

Positive correlation of methamidophos resistance between Lipaphis erysimi and Diaeretilla rapae and effects of methamidophos ingested by host insect on the parasitoid

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