Relaxin-2 in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Mechanisms of Action and Future Perspectives

Feijóo‐Bandín, Sandra; Aragón-Herrera, Alana; Rodríguez-Penas, Diego; Portolés, Manuel; Roselló‐Lletí, Esther; Rivera, Miguel; González-Juanatey, José Ramón; Lago, Francisca

doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00599

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…Relaxin is a 6 kDa polypeptide hormone in the insulin/relaxin superfamily that was first identified as a reproductive hormone implicated in the lengthening of pubic symphysis of the birth canal during delivery and in vasoregulation during pregnancy, among other reproductive functions [ 249 ]. Although there is not much information regarding relaxin production by the adipose tissue, according to the database The Human Protein Atlas, relaxin mRNA expression is found in small amounts in adipose tissue ( ).…”

Section: Role Of Some Adipokines In Inflammatory Processes Associamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases

Feijóo‐Bandín

Aragón-Herrera

Moraña-Fernández

et al. 2020

IJMS

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It is well established that adipose tissue, apart from its energy storage function, acts as an endocrine organ that produces and secretes a number of bioactive substances, including hormones commonly known as adipokines. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, mainly due to a low grade of inflammation and the excessive fat accumulation produced in this state. The adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity leads to an aberrant release of adipokines, some of them with direct cardiovascular and inflammatory regulatory functions. Inflammation is a common link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases, so this review will summarise the role of the main adipokines implicated in the regulation of the inflammatory processes occurring under the scenario of cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Role Of Some Adipokines In Inflammatory Processes Associamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases

Feijóo‐Bandín

Aragón-Herrera

Moraña-Fernández

et al. 2020

IJMS

Self Cite

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“…We hypothesized [ 9 ] that serum RL2 is related to the presence and size of an AA based on the knowledge that RL2 upregulates the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP9 [ 15 – 17 ], which are MMPs with a stronger association with AAs [ 18 , 19 ]. Meanwhile, existing knowledge suggests that RL2 upregulates the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) [ 12 , 20 – 22 ]. Reduction in endothelium-derived NO is, along with oxidative stress, the common pathway of action of all major risk factors leading to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis [ 23 – 27 ], and our group demonstrated recently [ 9 ] that serum RL2 is inversely correlated with the severity of atherosclerotic disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-specific relaxin-2 is differentially associated with the presence/size of an arterial aneurysm and the severity of atherosclerotic disease in humans

et al. 2020

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Circulating or tissue-related biomarkers are of clinical value for risk stratification in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. Relaxin-2 (RL2) has been linked to the presence and size of arterial aneurysms, and to the extent of atherosclerosis in human subjects. Here, we assessed the expression levels of RL2 in aneurysmal (AA, n = 16) and atherosclerotic (ATH, n = 22) arteries, and established the correlation between RL2 levels and the presence/size of AA and the clinical severity of atherosclerosis. The expression levels of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS) were also detected for correlations with different phenotypes of atherosclerosis and AA. Temporal artery biopsy specimens ( n = 6) and abdominal aortic tissues harvested from accident victims during autopsy ( n = 10) were used as controls. Quantitative tissue biomarker analysis revealed that tissue-specific RL2 was increased in patients with larger or symptomatic AA compared to subjects with atherosclerotic disease and healthy controls. In situ RL2 levels were proportional to the size and the severity of aneurysmatic disease, and were substantially elevated in patients with symptomatic aneurysm of any diameter or asymptomatic aneurysm of a diameter >350% of that of the normal artery. In contrast, tissue RL2 was inversely associated with the clinical severity of atherosclerotic lesions. Correlation between RL2 and MMP2 was different between ATH1 and ATH2, depending on atherosclerosis grade. Overall, tissue RL2 is differentially associated with discrete phenotypes of arterial disease and might exert multipotent biological effects on vascular wall integrity and remodeling in human subjects.

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“…Relaxin can modulate ECM remodeling and thus interfere with the secretion and degradation of its constituents (Palomer et al, 2018). Effects of relaxin on liver fibrosis were documented (Bennett et al, 2017) by preventing fibrosis through induction of an acute alteration in the liver microcirculation confirmed by morphological changes detected in non-parenchymal sinusoidal cells (Feijóo-Bandín et al, 2017). Relaxin can also reduce the content of collagen in the liver (Gracia-Sancho et al, 2015).…”

Section: Importance Of Hscs In Liver Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Liver Fibrosis Theranostics

et al. 2021

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Liver fibrosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to chronic liver damage and leading to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver failure. To date, there is no effective and specific therapy for patients with hepatic fibrosis. As a result of their various advantages such as biocompatibility, imaging contrast ability, improved tissue penetration, and superparamagnetic properties, magnetic nanoparticles have a great potential for diagnosis and therapy in various liver diseases including fibrosis. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and important factors for hepatic fibrosis and on potential magnetic nanoparticles-based therapeutics. New strategies for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis are also discussed, with a summary of the challenges and perspectives in the translational application of magnetic nanoparticles from bench to bedside.

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Relaxin-2 in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Mechanisms of Action and Future Perspectives

Cited by 24 publications

References 157 publications

Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases

Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases

Tissue-specific relaxin-2 is differentially associated with the presence/size of an arterial aneurysm and the severity of atherosclerotic disease in humans

The Potential Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Liver Fibrosis Theranostics

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