Relaxation of electronic excitation in nitrogen/oxygen and fuel/air mixtures: fast gas heating in plasma-assisted ignition and flame stabilization

Попов, Н. А.; Starikovskaia, Svetlana

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2021.100928

Cited by 47 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Specifically, their study elucidated the role of gas heating in inducing thermal-ionization instabilities, which are believed to drive the discharge volume contraction with rising gas pressure. Other contributions on the modelling of these mixtures can be found in the review by Popov and Starikovskaia [44]. For CO 2 plasma discharges, Silva et al [45] modelled the afterglow of a pulsed glow discharge with a self-consistent calculation of T g , providing a very good agreement with the experimental T g evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In particular, the relaxation of CO 2 electronic states is a source of FGH (i.e. with characteristic relaxation times smaller than V-T and V-V-T processes [44]) which smooths out the T 3 peak and reduces the duration of the T 3 -T g non-equilibrium. Note that its fast kinetics is highlighted by the spike at the very beginning of the pulse (see solid curve (2) in figure 9).…”

Section: Gas Heating Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO₂: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Biondo

Fromentin

Silva

et al. 2022

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Vibrational excitation represents an efficient channel to drive the dissociation of CO2 in a non-thermal plasma. Its viability is investigated in low-pressure pulsed discharges, with the intention of selectively exciting the asymmetric stretching mode, leading to stepwise excitation up to the dissociation limit of the molecule. Gas heating is crucial for the attainability of this process, since the efficiency of vibration-translation relaxation strongly depends on temperature, creating a feedback mechanism that can ultimately thermalize the discharge. Indeed, recent experiments demonstrated that the timeframe of vibration-translation non-equilibrium is limited to a few milliseconds at ca. 6 mbar, and shrinks to the μs-scale at 100 mbar. With the aim of backtracking the origin of gas heating in pure CO2 plasma, we perform a kinetic study to describe the energy transfers under typical non-thermal plasma conditions. The validation of our kinetic scheme with pulsed glow discharge experiments enables to depict the gas heating dynamics. In particular, we pinpoint the role of vibration-vibration-translation relaxation in redistributing the energy from asymmetric to symmetric levels of CO2, and the importance of collisional quenching of CO2 electronic states in triggering the heating feedback mechanism in the sub-millisecond scale. This latter finding represents a novelty for the modelling of low-pressure pulsed discharges and we suggest that more attention should be paid to it in future studies. Additionally, O atoms convert vibrational energy into heat, speeding up the feedback loop. The efficiency of these heating pathways, even at relatively low gas temperature and pressure, underpins the lifetime of vibration-translation non-equilibrium and suggests a redefinition of the optimal conditions to exploit the “ladder-climbing” mechanism in CO2 discharges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Gas Heating Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO₂: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Biondo

Fromentin

Silva

et al. 2022

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…570,573 With appropriate control over such mechanisms, e.g., by tailoring the electron energy, reaction processes can be altered or enhanced in a desired way, for example, to reduce pollutant emissions at high combustion efficiency. [570][571][572]574 Control over the deposition of energy into the target gas, i.e., regarding vibrational or electronic excitation, dissociation, or ionization is possible over short time scales before relaxation, with very short (nanosecond) repetitively pulsed discharges. 570,573 Ignition delay times can be reduced and reactivity and burning velocities increased using appropriate plasma−combustion system designs, potentially from combining thermal and chemical effects.…”

Section: Combustion and Plasma Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion, Chemistry, and Carbon Neutrality

Kohse‐Höinghaus

2023

Chem. Rev.

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Combustion is a reactive oxidation process that releases energy bound in chemical compounds used as fuels�energy that is needed for power generation, transportation, heating, and industrial purposes. Because of greenhouse gas and local pollutant emissions associated with fossil fuels, combustion science and applications are challenged to abandon conventional pathways and to adapt toward the demand of future carbon neutrality. For the design of efficient, low-emission processes, understanding the details of the relevant chemical transformations is essential. Comprehensive knowledge gained from decades of fossil-fuel combustion research includes general principles for establishing and validating reaction mechanisms and process models, relying on both theory and experiments with a suite of analytic monitoring and sensing techniques. Such knowledge can be advantageously applied and extended to configure, analyze, and control new systems using different, nonfossil, potentially zero-carbon fuels. Understanding the impact of combustion and its links with chemistry needs some background. The introduction therefore combines information on exemplary cultural and technological achievements using combustion and on nature and effects of combustion emissions. Subsequently, the methodology of combustion chemistry research is described. A major part is devoted to fuels, followed by a discussion of selected combustion applications, illustrating the chemical information needed for the future.

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“…• Plasma assisted combustion T gas at the discharge channel: 300-2,600 K (Rusterholtz et al, 2013;Popov and Starikovskaia, 2022) • Higher T e due to stronger breakdown field • In-liquid discharges…”

Section: A Versatile Platform For Electrically Driven Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If we recall that spark-ignition in fact utilizes plasma, we realize the enormous potential plasma has in complementing combustion (Starikovskiy and Aleksandrov, 2013). Recent advancements in the area of plasma-assisted combustion reveal how we can effectively use plasma to support existing combustion applications (Ju and Sun, 2015;Popov and Starikovskaia, 2022). In particular, plasma-generated radicals and ozone have been found to be crucial in igniting both premixed and nonpremixed conditions, by supporting the chain-branching combustion chemistry to jump-start in extreme conditions, yielding extended lean-limits, reduced ignition delay, and increased ignition probability.…”

Section: Plasma: Our New Fire?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Technology–Preparing for the Electrified Future

Suk

Snoeckx

2022

Front. Mech. Eng.

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We refer to the fourth state of matter as plasma, indicating ionized, electrically quasi-neutral gas. Electrical discharge in a gas medium is a normal and easy way of turning the gas into plasma in a moderate pressure condition. The electron temperature, electron density, and gas temperature characterize a quality of plasma. Particularly in the domain in terms of the electron temperature and gas temperature, we have room to design discharges to be a thermal plasma (both electron and gas temperature are in equilibrium) or non-thermal plasma (a couple of orders magnitude higher electron temperature than gas temperature). This indicates that the plasma chemistry, consisting of electron impact reactions and thermochemistry governed by the electron temperature and gas temperature, respectively, can be tailored to a certain extent. In this regard, we believe that plasma technology can be considered as a versatile reaction platform, which can replace and reinforce conventional combustion and catalyst-based ones in an electrified future. This perspective particularly highlights the opportunities for the combustion community in the field of low-temperature plasma technology, elaborating on the leashed potential of plasma chemistry and its similarities with combustion studies.

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Relaxation of electronic excitation in nitrogen/oxygen and fuel/air mixtures: fast gas heating in plasma-assisted ignition and flame stabilization

Cited by 47 publications

References 149 publications

Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO₂: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO₂: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Combustion, Chemistry, and Carbon Neutrality

Plasma Technology–Preparing for the Electrified Future

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Relaxation of electronic excitation in nitrogen/oxygen and fuel/air mixtures: fast gas heating in plasma-assisted ignition and flame stabilization

Cited by 47 publications

References 149 publications

Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO2: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO2: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Combustion, Chemistry, and Carbon Neutrality

Plasma Technology–Preparing for the Electrified Future

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO₂: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments

Insights into the limitations to vibrational excitation of CO₂: validation of a kinetic model with pulsed glow discharge experiments