Relaxation of atomic polarization in paraffin-coated cesium vapor cells

Graf, Miriam T.; Kimball, Derek F. Jackson; Rochester, Simon; Kerner, Kather ine; Wong, Chi-Wing; Budker, Dmitry; Alexandrov, E. B.; Balabas, M. V.; Yashchuk, Valeriy V.

doi:10.1103/physreva.72.023401

Cited by 122 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…2,5,53 It has been observed 54,55 that alkali vapor density increases significantly when a paraffin-coated cell is exposed to light (particularly uv and near-uv light) due to the lightinduced atomic desorption (LIAD) effect, 56 which causes absorbed atoms to be ejected from the paraffin coating. Recently, LIAD effects on alkali spin relaxation have been investigated, 6 with a focus on non-thermal control of alkali vapor density. 57 The exact mechanisms of LIAD in paraffin are not yet understood; however, it is clear that a combination of surface processes and light-enhanced diffusion of alkali atoms within the bulk of the coating are important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of antirelaxation coatings for alkali-metal vapor cells using surface science techniques

Seltzer¹,

Michalak²,

Donaldson³

et al. 2010

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Many technologies based on cells containing alkali-metal atomic vapor benefit from the use of anti-relaxation surface coatings in order to preserve atomic spin polarization. In particular, paraffin has been used for this purpose for several decades and has been demonstrated to allow an atom to experience up to 10,000 collisions with the walls of its container without depolarizing, but the details of its operation remain poorly understood. We apply modern surface and bulk techniques to the study of paraffin coatings, in order to characterize the properties that enable the effective preservation of alkali spin polarization. These methods include Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, atomic force microscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We also compare the light-induced atomic desorption yields of several different paraffin materials. Experimental results include the determination that crystallinity of the coating material is unnecessary, and the detection of C=C double bonds present within a particular class of effective paraffin coatings. Further study should lead to the development of more robust paraffin anti-relaxation coatings, as well as the design and synthesis of new classes of coating materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of antirelaxation coatings for alkali-metal vapor cells using surface science techniques

Seltzer¹,

Michalak²,

Donaldson³

et al. 2010

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…The authors applied LIAD and observed no significant change in the spin relaxation rate beyond what was expected from the faster rate of the spin-exchange collisions due to the density growth [61].…”

Section: Liad For Atomic Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Energy Atomic Photodesorption from Organic Coatings

et al. 2016

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Organic coatings have been widely used in atomic physics during the last 50 years because of their mechanical properties, allowing preservation of atomic spins after collisions. Nevertheless, this did not produce detailed insight into the characteristics of the coatings and their dynamical interaction with atomic vapors. This has changed since the 1990s, when their adsorption and desorption properties triggered a renewed interest in organic coatings. In particular, a novel class of phenomena produced by non-destructive light-induced desorption of atoms embedded in the coating surface was observed and later applied in different fields. Nowadays, low energy non-resonant atomic photodesorption from organic coatings can be considered an almost standard technique whenever large densities of atomic vapors or fast modulation of their concentration are required. In this paper, we review the steps that led to this widespread diffusion, from the preliminary observations to some of the most recent applications in fundamental and applied physics.

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“…The fibers are loaded with natural Rb vapor for a period of 3.5 weeks. At the end of the vapor loading process the current source to the Rb getter is switched off to minimize the influence of the Rb source on the relaxation time measurement [19]. During the data collection, the Rb vapor density was measured and was found to remain steady over the corresponding time period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Zeeman sub-level degeneracy is lifted by applying a dc magnetic field (≤3.5 mT) along the guidance axis of the optical fibers using a solenoid wound around the vacuum chamber. The electron spin randomization rate 1 was measured using a variation of Franzen technique [19]. This consists of abruptly shutting off the pump beam with a chopper at 70 Hz frequency rate, and detecting during this pump "dark time", the exponentially decaying atom polarization by recording the polarization rotation, , of a linearly polarized weak probe beam at the fiber output.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ground-state atomic polarization relaxation-time measurement of Rb filled hypocycloidal core-shaped Kagome HC-PCF

Bradley¹,

Ilinova²,

Jouin³

et al. 2016

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We report on the measurement of ground-state atomic polarization relaxation time of Rb vapor confined in five different hypocycloidal core-shape Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fibers made with uncoated silica glass. We are able to distinguish between wall-collision and transit-time effects in an optical waveguide and deduce the contribution of the atom's dwell time at the core wall surface. In contrast with conventional macroscopic atomic cell configuration, and in agreement with Monte Carlo simulations, the measured relaxation times were found to be at least one order of magnitude longer than the limit set by atom-wall collisional from thermal atoms. This extended relaxation time is explained by the combination of a stronger contribution of the slow atoms in the atomic polarization build-up, and of the relatively significant contribution of dwell time to the relaxation process of the ground state polarization.

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Relaxation of atomic polarization in paraffin-coated cesium vapor cells

Cited by 122 publications

References 51 publications

Investigation of antirelaxation coatings for alkali-metal vapor cells using surface science techniques

Investigation of antirelaxation coatings for alkali-metal vapor cells using surface science techniques

Low Energy Atomic Photodesorption from Organic Coatings

Ground-state atomic polarization relaxation-time measurement of Rb filled hypocycloidal core-shaped Kagome HC-PCF

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