Relaxation-induced anxiety: Paradoxical anxiety enhancement due to relaxation training.

Heide, F. Jackie June ter; Borkovec, Thomas D.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.51.2.171

Cited by 198 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus, autonomic activity may be obscured by the engagement of worry. Further support for this functional relationship between autonomic activity and worry comes from the established clinical finding of "relaxation-induced anxiety," in which patients with GAD engaged in relaxationencouraging exercises (e.g., progressive muscle relaxation; diaphragmatic breathing) experience a surge in autonomic activity, often experienced as a limited symptom panic attack [see Heide and Borkovec, 1983].…”

Section: Symptomatic Overlap Between Gad and Other Anxiety Disorders:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is generalized anxiety disorder an anxiety or mood disorder? Considering multiple factors as we ponder the fate of GAD

et al. 2008

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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) demonstrate a strong relationship to each other at both genotypic and phenotypic levels, and both demonstrate substantial loadings on a higher-order negative affectivity factor. On the basis of these findings, there have been a number of calls to reclassify GAD in the same category as MDD (the "distress disorders"). However, any consideration of the reclassification of GAD should also take into account a number of other factors not only related to GAD and MDD but also to the overlap of these disorders with other anxiety and mood disorders. First, GAD has established reliability and validity in its own right, and specific features (e.g., worry) may become obscured by attempts at reclassification. Second, examination of the nature of the overlap of GAD and MDD with each other and with other disorders suggests a more complex pattern of differences between these conditions than has been suggested (e.g., MDD has strong relationships with other anxiety disorders, and GAD may be more strongly related to fear than it may first appear). Third, although findings suggest that GAD and MDD may have overlapping heritable characteristics, other evidence suggests that the two disorders may be distinguished by both environmental factors and temporal presentations. Finally, although overlap between GAD and MDD is reflected in their relationships to negative affectivity, temporal relationships between these disorders may be demonstrated by functional changes in emotional responsivity.

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Section: Symptomatic Overlap Between Gad and Other Anxiety Disorders:mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is generalized anxiety disorder an anxiety or mood disorder? Considering multiple factors as we ponder the fate of GAD

et al. 2008

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“…152 Factors that might be associated with such effects include fear of losing control, general restlessness and fear of inactivity, and fear of letting go. 151,153 Additional aversive states include unfamiliar feelings and sensations, intrusive thoughts, sense of losing control, floating, dizziness, feelings of vulnerability, sensations of heaviness, and myoclonic jerks.…”

Section: Potential Adverse Effects Of Mind-body Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind-Body Medicine: State of the Science, Implications for Practice

Astin¹,

Shapiro²,

Eisenberg³

et al. 2003

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

422

255

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Background: Although emerging evidence during the past several decades suggests that psychosocial factors can directly influence both physiologic function and health outcomes, medicine had failed to move beyond the biomedical model, in part because of lack of exposure to the evidence base supporting the biopsychosocial model. The literature was reviewed to examine the efficacy of representative psychosocial-mind-body interventions, including relaxation, (cognitive) behavioral therapies, meditation, imagery, biofeedback, and hypnosis for several common clinical conditions.Methods: An electronic search was undertaken of the MEDLINE, PsycLIT, and the Cochrane Library databases and a manual search of the reference sections of relevant articles for related clinical trials and reviews of the literature. Studies examining mind-body interventions for psychological disorders were excluded. Owing to space limitations, studies examining more body-based therapies, such as yoga and tai chi chuan, were also not included. Data were extracted from relevant systematic reviews, metaanalyses, and randomized controlled trials.Results: Drawing principally from systematic reviews and meta-analyses, there is considerable evidence of efficacy for several mind-body therapies in the treatment of coronary artery disease (eg, cardiac rehabilitation), headaches, insomnia, incontinence, chronic low back pain, disease and treatmentrelated symptoms of cancer, and improving postsurgical outcomes. We found moderate evidence of efficacy for mind-body therapies in the areas of hypertension and arthritis. Additional research is required to clarify the relative efficacy of different mind-body therapies, factors (such as specific patient characteristics) that might predict more or less successful outcomes, and mechanisms of action. Research is also necessary to examine the cost offsets associated with mind-body therapies.Conclusions: There is now considerable evidence that an array of mind-body therapies can be used as effective adjuncts to conventional medical treatment for a number of common clinical conditions. Evidence emerging within the past several decades suggests that psychosocial factors from emotional states, such as depression, behavioral dispositions, such as hostility, and psychosocial stress can directly influence both physiologic function and health outcomes. [1][2][3][4] Evidence from several converging lines of research, however, also suggests that despite seemingly widespread acknowledgment of and support for the importance of the biopsychosocial model, 5-7 psycho-

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“…Sin embargo, varios autores como Carrington (1977), Heide y Borkovec (1983) y Adler, Craske y Barlow (1987) sacaron a la luz un importante handicap del entrenamiento en relajación: en algunas ocasiones origina o exacerba la sensación de ansiedad o provoca ataques de pánico. Este efecto paradójico fue denominado «ansiedad inducida por relajación» [RÍA] o «pánico inducido por relajación» [RIP].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Relajación y sensibilidad a la ansiedad

Más¹,

Pérez²,

Cabañero³

et al. 2004

RPPC

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El presente estudio busca establecer si la sensibilidad a la ansiedad es un predictor de la posterior aparición de dificultades en la relajación, y si es mejor predictor de este aspecto que el propio diagnóstico clínico o que los niveles de STAI. Él estudio aborda una importante cuestión: la posible modificabilidad de la sensibilidad a la ansiedad a través del entrenamiento en relajación muscular. Participaron en este trabajo 21 pacientes ambulatorios de la Unidad de Salud Mental de los Hospitales de Toledo y Valladolid, diagnosticados de Trastorno de Pánico (12) y de otros Trastornos de Ansiedad (9), respectivamente. Asimismo, se contó con un grupo control constituido por 10 sujetos pertenecientes al personal administrativo y sanitario del Hospital Provincial de Toledo. La edad media de los participantes fue de 38,71 años (DT= 10,31). Los resultados indican que, a) la puntuación obtenida en el ASI no es un predictor de las dificultades aparecidas en el entrenamiento, b) los valores de la ansiedad estado disminuyen en todos los grupos tras el entrenamiento en relajación, y c) el entrenamiento en relajación reduce de forma significativa las puntuaciones del ASI en los dos grupos clínicos.Palabras clave: Relajación, sensibilidad a la ansiedad, entrenamiento en relajación, ansiedad estado, ansiedad rasgo, ansiedad inducida por relajación, pánico inducido por relajación. Relaxation and Anxiety SensitivityOur study investigated to what extent the anxiety sensitivity is a good predictor of later difficulties in relaxation, and if it is a better predictor of this aspect than the own clinical diagnosis and/or the levéis of trait anxiety (STAI). The study discuses the possible modification of the levéis of anxiety sensitivity by mean of the training in muscular relaxation. Twenty one ambulatory patients from the Unit of Mental Health of the Hospitals of Toledo and Valladolid participated in the work. A control group consisted in 10 administrative personnel and sanitarian from the Provincial Hospital of Toledo. The mean age of the participants was 38,71 years (DT = 10,31). The results indicate that, a) the punctuation obtained in ASI isn't a predictor of the difficulties appeared in the training, b) the levéis of anxiety state diminished in all of the groups after the relaxation training, and c) anxiety sensitivity decreased significantly in the two clinical groups after relaxation training.

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Relaxation-induced anxiety: Paradoxical anxiety enhancement due to relaxation training.

Cited by 198 publications

References 13 publications

Is generalized anxiety disorder an anxiety or mood disorder? Considering multiple factors as we ponder the fate of GAD

Is generalized anxiety disorder an anxiety or mood disorder? Considering multiple factors as we ponder the fate of GAD

Mind-Body Medicine: State of the Science, Implications for Practice

Relajación y sensibilidad a la ansiedad

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