2002
DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20021004)114:19<3723::aid-ange3723>3.0.co;2-6
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Relativität, Gold, Wechselwirkungen zwischen gefüllten Schalen und CsAu⋅NH3

Abstract: Relativistische Effekte in der Chemie beruhen auf der hohen Geschwindigkeit von Elektronen bei der Bewegung in der N‰he eines schweren Atomkerns. Diese Effekte kˆnnen mit der Dirac-Gleichung, oder einer N‰herung f¸r sie, beschrieben werden und erkl‰ren viele der Unterschiede sowie einige der aehnlichkeiten zwischen der f¸nften und der sechsten Reihe des Periodensystems. Insbesondere das Beispiel Silber/Gold ist gut bekannt. Relativistische Effekte in Valenzschalen nehmen etwa mit Z 2 zu, wobei Z die volle Kern… Show more

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Cited by 46 publications
(24 citation statements)
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References 47 publications
(57 reference statements)
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“…[9] The strong tendency of gold to form metal-metal interactions (aurophilicity) is attributed to large relativistic effects in gold, which have been studied extensively in the past. [10] Gold undergoes especially strong interactions with electropositive ligands (metals) that donate electron density to the relativistically contracted and stabilized gold 6s orbital, and thus enhance the aurophilic interactions. This rationalizes the unusual stability of gold and mixed metal-gold clusters.…”
mentioning
confidence: 94%
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“…[9] The strong tendency of gold to form metal-metal interactions (aurophilicity) is attributed to large relativistic effects in gold, which have been studied extensively in the past. [10] Gold undergoes especially strong interactions with electropositive ligands (metals) that donate electron density to the relativistically contracted and stabilized gold 6s orbital, and thus enhance the aurophilic interactions. This rationalizes the unusual stability of gold and mixed metal-gold clusters.…”
mentioning
confidence: 94%
“…[1,2] For example, Wang et al recently succeeded in attaching 1.4 nm gold clusters to the sphere of the cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) of a diameter of 30 nm (Figure 1). [3] While most studies have so far concentrated on pure gold nanoclusters of different structure and size, the recent discovery of the extremely stable mixed icosahedral gold clusters W@Au 12 and Mo@Au 12 (Figure 2A) by Wang and coworkers [4] -as predicted earlier by theoretical studies by Pyykkö and Runeberg [5] -opens up the field to new nanosized gold materials, in which the central atom "impurity" plays a vital role in fine-tuning electronic properties.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[8,9] Hence, the previously observed Pt@Pb 12 2À and Ni@Pb 12 2À anions, as well as the Al@Pb 12 + cation ([Al 3+ @Pb 12 2À ]), [19] should belong to a whole family of endohedral plumbaspherenes that are similar to the endohedral stannaspherenes. Icosahedral M@Au 12 -type cage clusters have also been predicted [29] and observed experimentally. [30] However, similar to the metal-encapsulated Si or Ge clusters, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] the dopant is critical for the cage structure of M@Au 12 because bare Au 12 does not possess a cage structure.…”
Section: àmentioning
confidence: 59%
“…Common coordination geometries of Au(i) include two-coordination in a linear fashion and three-coordination in a trigonal planar arrangement. Key features in gold complexes include their short AuÁ Á ÁAu contacts due to relativistic and correlation effects [177][178][179] and the resulting wide range of molecular structures displayed by gold complexes [180,181]. These characteristics have rendered the chemistry of gold a topical field of research.…”
Section: Gold(i) Alkynylsmentioning
confidence: 99%