Relatively low primary resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Bangui and Bimbo, Central African Republic

Minime-Lingoupou, Fanny; Manirakiza, Alexandre; Yango, F.; Zandanga, Germain; Faou, Alain Le; Rigouts, Leen

doi:10.5588/ijtld.10.0292

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, reports in Tanzania [8], in Central African Republic [29], and in Uganda [33] were not in agreement with our study. The possible association between HIV infection and anti-TB drug resistance could be explained from different perspectives.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

“…Previous studies in Ethiopia reported that the proportion of resistance to isoniazid was within a range of 1.9%–21.4% [3, 11]. Our finding is similar to a rate of resistance 10.0% and 9.9% reported in other African countries such as Nigeria, Abuja [27], and Tanzania [28], respectively while studies in Central African Republic [29], Somalia [30], and Zambia [31] reported a lower resistance rate of 5.8%, 5.7%, and 4.5%, respectively. The relatively high proportion of isoniazid resistance in this study might be due to the common use of the drug in the national TB control programme for longer time because of its accessibility.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and Drug Resistance Patterns ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong New Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Eastern Ethiopia

Seyoum

Demissie

Worku

et al. 2014

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment

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The study aimed at determining the prevalence and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients visiting TB diagnosis and treatment facilities at selected health facilities in eastern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2011 and May 2013. A total of 408 new adult pulmonary TB patients (≥ 18 years) were enrolled in this study. Three consecutive sputum samples (spot, morning, and spot) were collected from each patient and transported to the Armauer Hansen Research Institute TB laboratory located in Addis Ababa for culture on Lowenstein Jensen slant media. DST was performed on 357 (87.5%) of the patient samples for isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), ethambutol (E), and streptomycin (S) using the standard proportion method. The rate of resistance to any one drug was 23%. Any resistance to H, S, R, and E was 14%, 11.5%, 2.8%, and 0.3%, respectively. The highest proportion of monoresistance was observed against H (9.5%). MDRTB was detected in 1.1% of the patients. Any drug resistance was associated with HIV infection (COR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.905–7.222) (P = 0.000). Although the prevalence of MDRTB is relatively low in the study area, high prevalence of H resistance is a serious concern demanding close monitoring. Expanding diagnostic capacity for mycobacterial culture and DST is a vital step in this regard.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Prevalence and Drug Resistance Patterns ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong New Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Eastern Ethiopia

Seyoum

Demissie

Worku

et al. 2014

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment

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“…Similar results were reported in other studies [53] [54] [55]. However, reports in Tanzania [8] and in Central African Republic [56] were not in agreement with our study. Thus, study may be interpreted to directly argue for the hypothesis that drug resistant TB is virulent and causes disease mainly in immunocompromised TB patients (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Tuberculosis Patients in Coastal Kenya

Yonge¹,

Otieno²,

Sharma³

et al. 2017

JTR

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance is an emerging health problem in Kenya and especially in Coastal region. This is a major challenge in tuberculosis control. Diagnosis is based on Ziel-Neelsen staining alone and patients are treated without information on sensitivity patterns.Aim: This study aimed to determine drug susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Coastal Kenya. Study Design: Hospital and laboratory based cross-sectional study was carried between April 2015 and July 2016 at Coast General Referral hospital; Tudor, Port-Reitz, Likoni Sub-County hospitals; Mlaleo, Kongowea and Mikindani health centers. Methodology: Sputum samples from patients with bacteriological confirmed TB on microscopy were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media. Strains of MTB complex from Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) slopes were subjected to drug susceptibility testing (DST) to first-line drugs including isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R), streptomycin (S) and Ethambutol (E) using proportional method on the Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) conventional method. Participants were offered diagnostic testing and counselling for HIV testing. Results: Drug sensitivity test was performed for a total of 210 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for the first line anti-TB drugs. About seventy eight percent and twenty nine percent of the strains from new patients and previously treated patients were fully sensitive to all the drugs tested respectively. Prevalence of any resistance to one drug was 102 (48.6%, 95% CI: 20.45 -28.23). Any single drug resistance was most frequent in isoniazid 30 (16.0%), Ethambutol 20 (10.0%), Streptomycin 18 (18.3%) and Rifampicin 4 (2.1%) in newly diagnosed patients. Among previously treated patients any resistance to streptomycin, ethambutol, isoniaziad and rifampicin was 10 (58.8%), 9 (52.9%), 7 (41.2%) and 4 (23.5%) respectively. Prevalence of MDR-TB defined as resistant to at least both isoniazid and rifampicin was 10 (4.8%) among new and previously treated patients respectively. Conclusion: The current study reveals that the overall resistance to first line anti-TB drugs was high. Although the rate of MDR-TB was relatively low, this signifies that conditions favouring the spread of MDR-TB are on high rise. Therefore, it is essential to address the problems of development of drug resistant strains of TB by establishing good TB programmes (DOTS). Patients' adherence to anti-TB drugs and introducing drug sensitivity testing (DST) services at County level hospitals will minimize occurrence of drug resistant.

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“…On the other hand, a higher frequency (27.7%) of monoresistance to any one of the four first-line drugs was reported in another study conducted in the country [20]. INH monoresistance (6.3%) recorded by the present study was comparable to that reported by studies conducted in other African countries such as the Central African Republic [21] and Somalia [22], which reported 5.8 and 5.7% respectively. In an eastern Ethiopian study [11], 9.5% monoresistance to INH was recorded.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis in central Ethiopia: drug sensitivity patterns and association with genotype

Bedewi

Mekonnen

Worku³

et al. 2017

New Microbes and New Infections

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Drug resistance tuberculosis (TB) and the emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates are significant concerns regarding TB control programs in several countries. This study was undertaken to evaluate the drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to assess its association with strains and lineages of M. tuberculosis.A total of 279 M. tuberculosis strains isolated from Central Ethiopia were tested for their drug sensitivity patterns to first line TB drugs using the conventional proportion method on Löwenstein Jensen media. The association between drug sensitivity and strain type was assessed on 263 isolates of the 279 isolates.Of the 268 M. tuberculosis isolates obtained from new cases, 209 (78%) were susceptible to first line TB drugs, and 59 (22.2%) bacterial isolates were resistant to at least one of the first line drugs. The highest mono-resistance (7.5%) pertained to streptomycin (STM). Remarkably, seven of eleven isolates (63.6%) previous treatment for TB were resistant to at least one of the first line drugs. The prevalence of MDR-TB was 1.5% (4/268) for newly identified TB cases, all of which were members of the Euro-American Lineage. There was no statistically significant association (P > 0.05) between drug sensitivity, and either strains, sub-lineages or main lineages of M. tuberculosis.A significant proportion of M. tuberculosis was resistant to at least one first line anti-TB drug. Moreover, the frequencies of resistance to either isoniazid or rifampicin were high compared to data that were previously reported in some part of the country.

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Relatively low primary resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Bangui and Bimbo, Central African Republic

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence and Drug Resistance Patterns ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong New Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence and Drug Resistance Patterns ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong New Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Eastern Ethiopia

Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Tuberculosis Patients in Coastal Kenya

Mycobacterium tuberculosis in central Ethiopia: drug sensitivity patterns and association with genotype

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