Relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire to assess nutrient intake in pregnant women

McGowan, Ciara A.; Curran, Sinéad; McAuliffe, F

doi:10.1111/jhn.12120

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…To estimate habitual dietary intakes over the previous year, participants completed the 2002 SLÁN 148‐item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), plus questions relating to milk . The questionnaire was validated in an Irish population and in pregnancy . Dietary data were entered into dietary analysis software NETWISP version 3.0 (Tinuviel Software, Llanfechell, Anglesey, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Five‐year follow up of a low glycaemic index dietary randomised controlled trial in pregnancy—no long‐term maternal effects of a dietary intervention

O’Brien

Geraghty

O’Sullivan

et al. 2018

BJOG

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Objective To determine whether a dietary intervention in pregnancy had a lasting effect on maternal outcomes of diet, HbA1c and weight retention 5 years post‐intervention; and to establish whether modifiable maternal behaviours were associated with these outcomes. Design Randomised control trial of low glycaemic index (GI) diet in pregnancy with longitudinal follow up to 5 years post‐intervention. Setting Dublin, Ireland (2007–2016). Population In all, 403 women of 759 (53.1%) were followed up at 5 years. A total of 370 (intervention n = 188; control n = 182) were included in this analysis. Methods Fasting glucose was measured at 13 and 28 weeks’ gestation and HbA1c (mmol/mol) at 5‐year follow up. Weight retention (kg) from early pregnancy to 5 years post‐intervention was calculated. Dietary intakes, anthropometry, and lifestyle factors were measured in pregnancy and 5 years post‐intervention. Multiple linear regression models, controlling for confounders, were used for analysis. Outcome Maternal diet, HbA1c, and weight retention at 5 years post‐intervention. Results There was no difference between the intervention and control at 5 years post‐intervention for any long‐term maternal outcomes measured. HbA1c at 5 years post‐intervention was associated with early‐pregnancy fasting glucose (B 1.70, 95% CI 0.36–3.04) and parity ≥3 (B 1.04, 95% CI 0.09–1.99). Weight retention was associated with change in well‐being from pregnancy to 5 years (B −0.06, 95% CI −0.11 to −0.02), gestational weight gain (B 0.19, 95% CI 0.00–0.38), and GI (B 0.26, 95% CI 0.06–0.46) at 5 years. Conclusions The ROLO low‐GI dietary intervention in pregnancy had no impact on maternal dietary intakes, HbA1c or body composition 5 years post‐intervention. Maternal factors and lifestyle behaviours in pregnancy have long‐term effects on glucose metabolism and weight retention up to 5 years later. Tweetable abstract Pregnancy factors are associated with maternal glucose metabolism and weight retention 5 years later—findings from the ROLO Study.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Five‐year follow up of a low glycaemic index dietary randomised controlled trial in pregnancy—no long‐term maternal effects of a dietary intervention

O’Brien

Geraghty

O’Sullivan

et al. 2018

BJOG

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“…The WFFQ is a semi‐quantitative FFQ and, therefore, does not facilitate portion size estimation for individuals. Nonetheless, the WFFQ has been validated as a dietary data collection instrument in several Irish population studies, including a recent study on pregnant women in Dublin . Another potential weakness is that convenience recruitment may introduce an unforeseen self‐selection bias that was not addressed in the multivariate analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To collect habitual food and nutrient intakes, women were asked to complete the previously validated semi‐quantitative Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire (WFFQ) . Socioeconomic, health behavioural and physical activity data were also collected using an online questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FFQ used was a self‐administered WFFQ adapted from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and validated for use in Irish adults . This WFFQ has also been recently validated in an Irish obstetric population . Frequency of consumption of a ‘standard portion’ of each food or beverage item consumed was divided into nine categories, ranging from ‘never or less than once per month’ to ‘six or more times per day’.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between fasting plasma glucose levels and maternal food group and macronutrient intakes in pregnancy

Mullaney¹,

Brennan²,

Cawley³

et al. 2016

Nutrition & Dietetics

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Aim Increased maternal body mass index (BMI) has been consistently associated with elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Studies to date investigating the relationship between maternal blood glucose levels and dietary intake have shown mixed results. We investigated the association between maternal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and food group and macronutrient intakes in the first trimester of pregnancy, after adjustment for maternal bodyweight. Methods Women were recruited after sonographic confirmation of an ongoing singleton pregnancy in the first trimester. Dietary information was collected using the validated Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire. Maternal height and weight were measured and BMI calculated. Body composition was measured using advanced bioelectrical impedance analysis. FPG levels were obtained for women who were selectively screened with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Results No associations were observed between maternal FPG levels and food group or macronutrient intakes but higher energy and starch intakes were found in obese subjects (P = 0.009 and P = 0.03 respectively). On univariate analysis, higher FPG levels were associated positively with higher maternal bodyweight, BMI, body fat, fat free mass and visceral fat (all P < 0.001). However, on multivariate regression analysis, higher FPG levels remained associated only with maternal BMI > 29.9 kg/m2 (OR 7.4, P = 0.01). Conclusions Our findings indicate that maternal BMI is the key determinant of maternal glycaemia. Interventions which focus on overall energy restriction and especially the limitation of dietary starch to optimise prepregnancy maternal bodyweight are likely to be useful in improving glycaemic control in higher risk pregnancies.

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“…To collect habitual food and nutrient intakes, women were asked to complete a semi-quantitive WFFQ previously validated in pregnancy (7) . Maternal body composition was measured using 8-electrode bioelectrical impedance analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Underreporting and the Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire

Mullaney¹,

O’Higgins²,

Cawley³

et al. 2014

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Dietary misreporting is a well-documented problem in nutritional surveys and may be biased by factors including age, sex, education level, body fat, income level, overweight and obesity (1,2,3,4) . It is also established that micronutrient deficits in pregnancy are associated with unfavourable neonatal body composition and other outcomes, for example, low folate status is a critical risk factor for neural tube defect (NTD) births, and for genomic hypomethylation which is associated with increased cancer risk in adulthood (5,6) . The purpose of this prospective observational study was to analyse the anthropometric differences between women designated plausible and implausible dietary energy reporters in early pregnancy using the Willet Food Frequency Questionnaire (WFFQ).Women were recruited at their convenience between February and August 2013 after an ultrasound examination confirmed an ongoing singleton pregnancy. To collect habitual food and nutrient intakes, women were asked to complete a semi-quantitive WFFQ previously validated in pregnancy (7) . Maternal body composition was measured using 8-electrode bioelectrical impedance analysis. BMR was calculated using standard equations based on gender, weight, and age (8) . Energy intakes were calculated using the WFFQ data and WISP v 4.0 software (Tinuviel Software, Llanfechell, Anglesey, UK). Lowest plausible thresholds for physical activity levels (PAL) were calculated according to respondents' individual reported PAL (9) . Those whose ratio of energy intake (EI) to their calculated basal metabolic rate (BMR) (EI/BMR) fell below the calculated plausible threshold for their physical activity category were classified as dietary under-reporters (10) . In all categories, those with an EI/BMR greater than 2·5 were classified as dietary over-reporters (11) . The mean age of the total sample (n = 524) was 30·1 years, and the mean BMI was 25·4 kg/m 2 , with 16·6% obese (BMI ≥30·0 kg/m 2 ). Under-reported energy intakes were observed in 122 women (23·3%). There were no over-reporters in the sample. Underreporters were younger than plausible reporters (p < 0·001). Underreporters were less likely to be of ideal weight (i.e. BMI 18·5-24·9 kg/m 2 ) (p = 0·002) and were more likely to be obese (p < 0·001) than plausible reporters. Underreporters also had higher percentage body fat and lower percentage body fat free mass than plausible reporters (p < 0·001). Underreporters reported a higher percentage energy intake from carbohydrate than plausible reporters (p = 0·02) and also tended to report lower percentages of energy from protein and fat (p = 0·73 and p = 0·14 respectively).The increased incidence of under-reporting in overweight and obese women may result in this cohort of women being erroneously identified as being at high nutritional risk. Given the importance of maternal diet in fetal development and in later infant and adult health, all women in pregnancy who may be at risk of nutritional deficiencies or excesses need to be accurately identified so that effective in...

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Relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire to assess nutrient intake in pregnant women

Abstract: Overall, our food frequency questionnaire showed good relative validity. We conclude that a single administration of a food frequency questionnaire is a valid tool for ranking women in accordance with their nutrient intakes during pregnancy.

Cited by 23 publications

References 28 publications

Five‐year follow up of a low glycaemic index dietary randomised controlled trial in pregnancy—no long‐term maternal effects of a dietary intervention

Five‐year follow up of a low glycaemic index dietary randomised controlled trial in pregnancy—no long‐term maternal effects of a dietary intervention

Relationship between fasting plasma glucose levels and maternal food group and macronutrient intakes in pregnancy

Maternal Underreporting and the Willett Food Frequency Questionnaire

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