Relative soil water content as a factor for wind erodibility in soils with different texture and aggregation

Oro, Laura Andrea de; Colazo, Juan Cruz; Avecilla, Fernando; Buschiazzo, Daniel Eduardo; Asensio, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2019.02.001

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…10.1029/2020JD034459 11 of 18 above which capillary forces dominate, dust emission is reduced with higher soil water contents (e.g., de Oro et al, 2019;Kim & Choi, 2015). Nonetheless, part of the observed 50-150 days delay in the response of Patagonian dust emissions to WD may be due to the period of time during which semipermanent deflation pans are shrinking after the onset of the WD season, but most of their lake beds are still underwater.…”

Section: The Role Of Long-term Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In eastern Patagonia, initially high soil moisture of recently exposed lakebeds in deflation pans is quickly reduced by WD conditions beginning in late winter (Figure 4). Once soil moisture is reduced below the threshold above which capillary forces dominate, forces associated with adsorbed water layers in the dominantly silty-clayey sediments of exposed lake bottoms (Villarreal & Coronato, 2017) may arguably retain long-term (i.e., months), low levels of soil moisture, particularly considering the high aggregation associated with silty-clayey soils (e.g., de Oro et al, 2019). This long-term retention of low levels of interparticle water may explain our results that suggest that local (i.e., at the scale of each monitoring site) long-term WD is a stronger control on dust emissions in Patagonia than same-day WD (Figure 6).…”

Section: The Role Of Long-term Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Present‐Day Patagonian Dust Emissions: Combining Surface Visibility, Mass Flux, and Reanalysis Data

2021

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Mineral dust aerosols are an important component of the Earth system, affecting the radiative balance of the atmosphere (e.g., Arimoto, 2001), snow cover albedo (e.g., Warren & Wiscombe, 1980) and biological activity in the oceans (e.g., Martin, 1990). In turn, climate controls emission, atmospheric transport, and deposition of dust (e.g., Prospero & Nees, 1986;Zender & Kwon, 2005). A prerequisite to reducing the still considerably large uncertainty on the effect of dust on climate forcing (Myhre et al., 2013) is the quantification of mean values and variability across temporal scales of dust emissions, atmospheric loads and deposition. While southern South America contributes a small fraction to present-day global dust emissions (Tanaka & Chiba, 2006), this region constitutes the main source of dust to the oceans south of ∼45°S and Antarctica (Albani et al., 2012;Li et al., 2008;Neff & Bertler, 2015). This fact evidences long-range transport of dust sourced from South America (Gassó et al., 2010), and points to this region as potentially having the greatest impact on dust-induced CO 2 drawdown in high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll oceans (Jickells et al., 2005), and on albedo of high-latitude, snow-covered surfaces in the Southern Hemisphere (Casey et al., 2017).Bounded by the Colorado river to the north, the Drake Passage to the south, the Andes to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, eastern Patagonia encompasses ∼900,000 km 2 (Figure 1a). Its topography is dominated by the Andes to the west and by dissected plateaus forming low-altitude plains to the east. These outwash plains contain fine-grained sediment prone to be entrained as dust (Pye, 1989). Other dust sources include numerous ephemeral, small-scale (<1-km diameter) water bodies of aeolian origin (Cosentino, Ruiz-Etcheverry, et al., 2020;Gassó et al., 2010;Villarreal & Coronato, 2017), as well as drying shallow lake Colhué Huapi (Montes et al., 2017), the most extensive single dust source in Patagonia (Gassó & Torres, 2019). The Southern Westerly Winds (SWW) dominate tropospheric zonal flow year-round south of 40°S (Garreaud et al., 2009), circumvallating the Southern Hemisphere mostly unimpeded due to a lack of significant land masses, except for Patagonia. Sourced from the Pacific Ocean and moisture laden, the SWW discharge precipitation west of the Andes, while forced subsidence produces dry conditions in eastern

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Section: The Role Of Long-term Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Long-term Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present‐Day Patagonian Dust Emissions: Combining Surface Visibility, Mass Flux, and Reanalysis Data

2021

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“…Transport of particles was then enhanced by increased matrix potential. The high water content also effectively prevented particles from detachment by air stream and explains low wind erosion rates [91,92]. Bergametti et al [93] even suggest to neglect wind erosion completely up to 12 hours after rainfall for the Sahel region.…”

Section: Wheat Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Site Water and Wind Erosion Experiments Reveal Relative Impact on Total Soil Erosion

et al. 2019

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The relative impact of water and wind on total erosion was investigated by means of an experimental-empirical study. Wind erosion and water erosion were measured at five different sites: (1) Mediterranean fallow, (2) Mediterranean orchard, (3) wheat field, (4) vineyard and (5) sand substrate. Mean erosion rates ranged from 1.55 to 618 g·m−2·h−1 for wind and from 0.09 to 133.90 g·m−2·h−1 for rain eroded material over all tested sites. Percentages (%) of eroded sediment for wind and rain, respectively, were found to be 2:98 on Mediterranean fallow, 11:89 on Mediterranean orchard, 3:97 on wheat field, 98:2 on vineyard and 99:1 on sand substrate. For the special case of soil surface crust destroyed by goat trampling, the measured values emphasize a strong potential impact of herding on total soil erosion. All sites produced erosion by wind and rain, and relations show that both erosive forces may have an impact on total soil erosion depending on site characteristics. The results indicate a strong need to focus on both wind and water erosion particularly concerning soils and substrates in vulnerable environments. Measured rates show a general potential erosion depending on recent developments of land use and climate change and may raise awareness of scientist, farmers and decision makers about potential impact of both erosive forces. Knowledge about exact relationship is key for an adapted land use management, which has great potential to mitigate degradation processes related to climate change.

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“…Gravel mulch has been shown to change the soil hydrological processes in a manner that has resulted in increased soil nutrient contents, increased water infiltration, reduced evaporation, and increased trapping of dust particles (Li, 2003; Lv et al, 2019; Shojaei, Hakimzadeh Ardakani, Sodaiezadeh, Jafari, & Afzali, 2019). The soil water content has a significant effect on the wind's movement of soil particles, and small increases in soil moisture have been reported to cause distinct reductions in wind erosion (De Oro, Colazo, Avecilla, Buschiazzo, & Asensio, 2019; Funk, Reuter, Hoffmann, Engel, & Öttl, 2008). The abrasion zones displayed the most serious erosion losses and it is hypothesized that the higher soil water contents under the gravel mulch had more significant effects on wind erosion reductions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil moisture contents have significant impacts on wind erosion as has been reported by many previous researchers. Increased soil moisture contents require higher wind speeds for the initial movement of soil particles and reduce the occurrence of wind erosion (De Oro et al, 2019; Sharratt & Vaddella, 2012). Therefore, wind erosion is typically more serious when the soil exists in a dry condition (Lee & Gill, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of wind erosion control practices at a photovoltaic power station within a sandy area of northwest, China

Chun

Hill

et al. 2021

Land Degrad Dev

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The widespread construction of photovoltaic power stations within northwest China poses an environmental threat because of severe increased wind erosion and land degradation. Engineering, plant, and biocrust treatments were evaluated in this study for their effectiveness in the reduction of wind erosion. The placement of solar panels caused wind speed variation and resulted in distinct abrasion and deposition zones between the rows of the solar panels and the formation of deflation zones under the solar panels. Combined treatments (gravel and red clay mulch were applied within the abrasion and deposition zones, respectively) and moss‐crust were the optimal choices within the engineering and biocrust treatments, respectively. We found that for engineering treatments, the combined procedures led to treatments had sand transport rate reductions of 87%, while the straw checkerboard, gravel, and red clay treatments gave reductions of 51, 78, and 74%, respectively. Within the biocrust treatments, the moss‐crust decreased the sand transport rates and the sand erosion–deposit budget by 71 and 114%, respectively, while the cyanobacteria crust caused reductions of 65 and 109%, respectively, in comparison to the control. Both plant treatments decreased the sand transport rates and the sand erosion–deposit budgets, but were inferior to other optimal treatments with the best plant treatment dependent on the placement pattern used for plant establishment. All the treatments had effects on reducing wind erosion, and we strongly recommend the use of moss‐crust and combined treatments in the deflation zones and between the rows of the solar panels, respectively, to significantly reduce the severe wind erosion occurring at these photovoltaic power stations located in sandy areas.

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Relative soil water content as a factor for wind erodibility in soils with different texture and aggregation

Cited by 26 publications

References 44 publications

Present‐Day Patagonian Dust Emissions: Combining Surface Visibility, Mass Flux, and Reanalysis Data

Present‐Day Patagonian Dust Emissions: Combining Surface Visibility, Mass Flux, and Reanalysis Data

On-Site Water and Wind Erosion Experiments Reveal Relative Impact on Total Soil Erosion

Evaluation of wind erosion control practices at a photovoltaic power station within a sandy area of northwest, China

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