Relative Roles of Luminance and Fixation in Inducing Dissociated Vertical Divergence

Ghadban, Rafif; Liebermann, Laura; Klaehn, Lindsay D.; Holmes, Jonathan M.; Brodsky, Michael C.

doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15843

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been previously suggested that DVD may be quantified using the simultaneous prism cover test,(Velez, 1988) although this test would fail to detect any latent component. In other studies, DVD has been measured using video-oculography,(Ghadban et al, 2015) but such testing methods are often not readily available to the clinician. We recommend a standardized PUCT as the current method of choice for quantifying the magnitude of DVD in a clinical setting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of a Standardized Prism Under Cover Test in the Assessment of Dissociated Vertical Deviation

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of a Standardized Prism Under Cover Test in the Assessment of Dissociated Vertical Deviation

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dissociated congenital strabismus manifest slow, variable, and asymmetric movements that can be vertical called Dissociated Vertical Deviation (DVD) or horizontal movements, known as Dissociated Horizontal Deviation (DHD) [26]. Because dissociated movements are manifested by the patients when one eye is occluded or when fixation changes [27], it is believed that the asymmetric input exacerbates them [28], [29]. Dissociated movements have a poor prognosis in the sense of leading to unsatisfactory results [30], [31], compared to non-dissociated forms.…”

Section: A Congenital Strabismus and Pupillometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Measuring Subtle Alterations in Pupil Size in Children With Congenital Strabismus

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper analyzes a cohort of children diagnosed with congenital strabismus independent of the deviation direction, dissociated and non-dissociated, to identify anisocoria magnitude under scotopic conditions. This disease presents changes in the white matter affecting the nerve conduction in the cortical integrator, exacerbating the reflexes controlling pupil size, producing subtle changes in the pupil dimensions that are difficult to measure using current methods. The proposed indexes estimate the degree of anisocoria using the Feret diameter and the Pattern Pupil parameter. This research presents a prospective, transversal, and experimental study carried out on 168-Mexican children aged 5-15 years from Querétaro, México, diagnosed with dissociated and non-dissociated congenital strabismus. The utilized images come from videos of each patient recorded in scotopic lighting conditions (0.3 lux). The ophthalmologist measured the Feret diameters of both pupils using the ImageJ software. 11.9% of the sample group showed "Very significant," and "Significant" degrees of anisocoria, whereas 88.1% of the sample group had "Nonsignificant," and "Few significant" degrees of anisocoria. When comparing the results with those obtained using the perimeter, and the diameter, subtle variations of anisocoria were better detected using the area criterion. ANOVA experiments allowed the following: 1) dissociated and non-dissociated congenital strabismus identification using nidp index, and 2) the comparison of the anisocoria degrees identified by the nidp and Ddmm ≥ 0.4 mm indexes.

show abstract

“…Pathogenesis of childhood concomitant strabismus is still little known, though various studies have investigated its primum movens postulating new hypotheses [1], and several possible risk factors have been identified [2,3]. In the onset and development of infantile concomitant strabismus there is a sharing of both hereditary and environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It arises from firing of the reticular formation in the brainstem during the waking state. Excessive esotonus somehow induced by unbalanced visual input at an early age has been hypothesized to be a cause of ET or a factor opposing to divergence in Intermittent Exotropia (IXT) [1,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

OCR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: To study the different trends of eye position changes under narcosis in Infantile Intermittent Exotropia (IXT) compared to Infantile Esotropia (ET). To discuss the possible causes of the difference.Methods: Twenty-nine patients, aged 2 to 15 years, undergoing surgery for infantile concomitant strabismus at University Eye Clinic of Bologna, between January 2017 and December 2019, took part in this prospective study. Of them, 13 had basic or simulated divergence excess IXT and 16 had ET. Eye position was measured preoperatively and under general anesthesia with a modified Paliaga Test for the measure of interlimbal distance (ILD). In IXT patients the prolonged occlusion test was performed preoperatively. Neuromuscular blocking agents were not used to induce general anaesthesia. Results:In IXT patients the difference between preoperative and intraoperative ILD was not statistically significant (Wilcoxon, p>0.05), and showed a great variability, as under narcosis ILD decreased in 38.46%, did not change in 30.77%, and increased in 30.77% of patients; while in ET patients it increased under narcosis, with a statistical significance (Wilcoxon, p=0.002). Conclusion:Differences in the determinants of the ocular deviation may be suspected in ET and IXT, particularly regarding the role of esotonus, that is the baseline innervation to the extraocular muscles which opposes the position of rest in the awake state and which is suppressed under narcosis. While esotonus is increased in ET, it could be even decreased in IXT where other innervational phenomena, like active divergence, may be involved in determining the deviation.

show abstract

Relative Roles of Luminance and Fixation in Inducing Dissociated Vertical Divergence

Abstract: Dissociated vertical divergence is mediated primarily by changes in fixation and only to a minor degree by binocular luminance disparity.

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Role of a Standardized Prism Under Cover Test in the Assessment of Dissociated Vertical Deviation

Role of a Standardized Prism Under Cover Test in the Assessment of Dissociated Vertical Deviation

A Novel Method for Measuring Subtle Alterations in Pupil Size in Children With Congenital Strabismus

Untitled

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About