Relative protective activities of quercetin, quercetin‐3‐glucoside, and rutin in alcohol‐induced liver injury

Abstract

Alcoholic liver diseases has been known to be one of the major health risks worldwide. The purpose of this study was aimed to demonstrate the relative protective effect of quercetin, quercetin‐3‐glucoside, and rutin on alcohol‐induced damage in hepatocytes. The hepatotoxicity, antioxidant enzymatic defense mechanisms, and pro‐inflammatory mediators were examined for evaluating the hepatoprotective effects of quercetins in hepG2 cells. The results revealed that quercetin and its glucoside derivatives significantly prevented ethanol‐induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing hepatic aminotransferase activities and inflammatory response in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the quercetins significantly induced detoxifying enzymes via the nuclear accumulation of the NF‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and induction of antioxidant response element (ARE) gene. These hepatoprotective activities were observed to be more effective with quercetin aglycone than quercetin glucosides. From the above findings, the present study imply that quercetin aglycone may have a vital function in the therapeutic and preventive strategies of alcoholic liver diseases. Practical applications Quercetin is commonly present in fruits and vegetables as aglycone and glucoside‐derived forms. In the present study, quercetin and its glycosides was shown to alleviate oxidative stress, glutathione depletion, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines in alcohol‐induced HepG2 cells via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant pathway. Moreover, quercetin aglycone had better protective effects against alcohol‐induced liver damage in vitro, compared to its glycosylated form. The present study proposed that quercetin aglycone may be a more efficient hepatoprotective agent than its glucoside derivatives such as rutin in the amelioration of alcohol‐induced liver diseases.

Mulberry leaves extract ameliorates alcohol-induced liver damages through reduction of acetaldehyde toxicity and inhibition of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress signals

“…In addition, chlorogenic acid also attenuated the ethanol-induced oxidative stress by increased anti-oxidant enzymes activities [33]. Rutin exhibited hepatoprotection through elevation of glutathione level, repression of inflammation in HepG2 cells treated with ethanol [34]. In line with these observations, we demonstrated that cotreatment with MLE increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px of acute alcohol-exposed mice in a dose-dependent manner.…”

Hepatoprotective effects of Camellia nitidissima aqueous ethanol extract against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in SD rats related to Nrf2 and NF-κB signalling

“…Under physiological conditions, Nrf2 is fixed in the cytoplasm via binding to kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Once attacked by ROS, Nrf2 is activated and enters the nucleus, binding to the antioxidant responsive element (ARE) and promoting phase II enzymes (such as HO-1 and SOD) and GSH expression to maintain cellular functions (Lee et al 2019). In the present study, CNE promoted the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, which resulted in an upregulation of GSH, SOD, and HO-1 expression.…”

“…In this article, 12 components in CNE were detected by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Among the 12 components, garcinol, pyridoxine, (-)-epicatechin, phloretin, quercetins, rutin, nicotinic acid, taxifolin and rhein showed promising pharmacological activities in the management of inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver disorders (Arauz et al 2015;Behera et al 2016;Ren et al 2016;Bu et al 2018;Roh et al 2018;Huang et al 2019;Lee et al 2019;Sunil and Xu 2019).…”

Protective Mechanism of Edible Food Plants against Alcoholic Liver Disease with Special Mention to Polyphenolic Compounds

“…Flavoniods including flavonols has been reported to possess multiple health benefits such as protect liver from ALD, NAFLD, intestinal inflammations and others [ 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is one of the most common dietary flavonols present in the apple, onion, black or green tea, herbal medicine, and red wine [ 69 , 70 ]. Many studies have reported that quercetin exerts a beneficial role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), ALD, and diabetes mechanically by regulating the expression of lipid-metabolism-related genes and the secretion of inflammatory mediators [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ].…”