Relative preservation of the recognition of positive facial expression “happiness” in Alzheimer disease

Maki, Yohko; Yoshida, Hiroshi; Yamaguchi, Tomoharu; Yamaguchi, Hideyo

doi:10.1017/s1041610212001482

Cited by 29 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Consistently, Wiechetek and his colleagues [67] also found that AD patients preserved the recognitions of happy but not fear or disgust faces. By adopting a sophisticated matching task, a recent study [68] showed that only the abilities to recognize happy but not sad or angry faces were relatively preserved among early AD patients. Given the association between the ability to recognize happy faces and positive emotions, the researchers posited that early AD patients might use this as an emotion regulatory strategy to increase positive emotions.…”

Section: Positivity Bias On Early Ad's Emotional Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning from Normal Aging:Preserved Emotional Functioning Facilitates Adaptation among Early Alzheimer’s Disease Patient

Zhang¹,

Ho²,

Fung³

2015

aging dis

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been largely characterized by severe deterioration of cognitive functioning. Only recently has more attention been shifted to identifying the preserved capacity and functioning of AD patients. By reviewing the AD literature, we observe that despite the various cognitive impairment and deficits, early Alzheimer's patients perform certain types of automatic emotion regulation and display a positivity effect in emotion recognition and emotional memory. Moreover, we argue that, like their healthy aged peers, the optimization of such preserved emotion-based capacities helps early AD patients increase positive emotions, which may counteract the negative effects of the disease, thus maintaining their socio-emotional functioning. Finally, we discuss the emotion-based capacities strategies that AD patients may use to facilitate their adjustment to a life with Alzheimer's.

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Section: Positivity Bias On Early Ad's Emotional Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning from Normal Aging:Preserved Emotional Functioning Facilitates Adaptation among Early Alzheimer’s Disease Patient

Zhang¹,

Ho²,

Fung³

2015

aging dis

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“…This attention bias for positive information is believed to improve memory (the so-called positivity effect), as the more information is attended, the more likely it is to be remembered later on (Carstensen, 2006). Regarding aMCI and AD,research on the impact of emotion and/or valence on memoryhas provided mixed results, reporting either an effect of emotion (Giffard, Laisney, Desgranges, & Eustache, 2015; ), no effect of emotion(Abrisqueta-Gomez, Bueno, Oliveira, & Bertolucci, 2002;Kensinger, Brierley, Medford, Growdon, & Corkin, 2002), an effect of positive valence (Kalenzaga, Piolino, & Clarys, 2014;Maki, Yoshida, Yamaguchi, & Yamaguchi, 2013;Werheid, McDonald, Simmons-Stern, Ally, & Budson, 2011;Werheid et al, 2010) or an effect of negative valence Döhnel et al, 2008;Boller et al, 2002). The question of whether the effect of emotionally-laden material on memory is maintained through self-reference across the spectrum of ADpathology still requires much more investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reference effect on memory in healthy aging, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: Influence of identity valence

Leblond

Laisney

Lamidey

et al. 2016

Cortex

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The self-reference effect (SRE) has been shown to benefit episodic memory in healthy individuals. In healthy aging, its preservation is acknowledged, but in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the jury is still out. Furthermore, there has yet to be a study of the SRE in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). As self-reference implies subjective self-representations, and positive information enhance memory performance, we set out to examine the effects of 1) material and 2) identity valence on the SRE across the early stages of AD. Twenty healthy older individuals and 40 patients (20 diagnosed with aMCI and 20 diagnosed with mild AD) performed a memory task. Participants had to judge positive and negative personality trait adjectives with reference to themselves or to another person, or else process these adjectives semantically. We then administered a recognition task. Participants also completed a questionnaire on identity valence. Among healthy older individuals, the SRE benefited episodic memory independently of material and identity valence. By contrast, among aMCI patients, we only observed the SRE when the material was positive. When self-referential material was negative, patients' performance depended on the valence of their self-representations: negative self-representations correlated with poor recognition of negative self-referential adjectives. Finally, performance of patients with mild AD by condition and material valence were too low and inappropriate to be subjected to relevant analyses. The persistence of an SRE for positive adjectives in aMCI suggests the existence of a positivity effect for self-related information, which contributes to wellbeing. The absence of an SRE for negative adjectives, which led aMCI patients to dismiss negative self-related information, could be due to low self-esteem. These results corroborate the mnenic neglect model and point out the importance of the psychoaffective dimension in patients with aMCI, which could constitute a major factor for the preservation of their self-esteem and self-related memory.

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“…Interestingly, for non-facial stimuli, both dementia groups had prolongation of gaze to negative pictures. The reason for this is not clear, but may be partially explained by an impaired ability in specifically recognizing stimuli with negative emotion [22][23][24][25]. The patients may spend their time longer trying to interpret what they cannot recognize.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Visual Facial Grasp in Frontotemporal Dementia

Paholpak

Liang

Carr

et al. 2016

JAD

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Abstract.Background: Gaze and eye contact is a critical aspect of social interaction. Patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) may exhibit abnormally prolonged stare toward human faces. Objective: To study characteristics of social gaze in patients with bvFTD compared to age and education matched-patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (eAD) and healthy controls (HC). Method: Fifty picture stimuli were presented to each participant (bvFTD = 12, eAD = 18, HC = 13). Each stimuli contained two properties: face (facial versus non-facial) and valence (positive, negative, and neutral). The "facial" stimuli contained human faces. The participants Visual Fixation Time (VFT) was measured for each picture stimuli of interest (per facial expressions on the Facial Action Coding System). A linear mixed-effects regression model with participant-level of random effects was used to compare VFTs between groups. Results: The patients with bvFTD showed significantly prolonged VFTs to faces than the patients with eAD and the HC, regardless of valence (all p < 0.01). There were no differences in VFTs for non-facial stimuli between patients with bvFTD and eAD. However, patients with bvFTD and eAD had significantly prolonged VFTs to negative non-facial stimuli than the HC (p = 0.006 and 0.019, respectively). Conclusion: Patients with bvFTD exhibited a prolonged stare toward human faces. This prolonged visual facial grasp may contribute to the disturbed social interactions of patients with bvFTD and can help distinguish them from those with Alzheimer's disease and other conditions. Additionally, both dementia groups tended to stare at negative stimuli whether faces or non-faces.

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Relative preservation of the recognition of positive facial expression “happiness” in Alzheimer disease

Abstract: In AD patient, recognition of happiness was relatively preserved; recognition of happiness was most sensitive and was preserved against the influences of age and disease.

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Learning from Normal Aging:Preserved Emotional Functioning Facilitates Adaptation among Early Alzheimer’s Disease Patient

Learning from Normal Aging:Preserved Emotional Functioning Facilitates Adaptation among Early Alzheimer’s Disease Patient

Self-reference effect on memory in healthy aging, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: Influence of identity valence

Prolonged Visual Facial Grasp in Frontotemporal Dementia

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