Relative hypoleptinemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Roden, Michael; Ludwig, Christian; Nowotny, Peter; Schneider, Barbara; Clodi, Martin; Vierhapper, H.; Roden, Anja C.; Waldhäusl, W.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801266

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(64 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, plasma leptin was no longer different between the diabetic and healthy subjects after adjustment for BMI, which is in line with a recent study reporting similar plasma leptin concentrations in type 1 and type 2 diabetic as well as nondiabetic men, independently of their prevailing metabolic control. (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid any cross-reaction with proinsulin, C-peptide was prepurified by high-performance liquid chromotography as reported previously (33). Hemoglobin A 1c was measured after high-performance liquid chromotography separation by using cation exchange columns (6). Measurements of serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were performed by automated enzymatic assays (CHOD-Pap and GPO-Pap; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) in the routine laboratory.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma leptin is presented as total concentration and as corrected for individual BMI (leptin/BMI ratio) (6). Release of hormones and metabolites was calculated from the incremental area under the concentration-time curves (AUC) corrected for baseline (fasting) concentrations by using the trapezoidal rule.…”

Section: Calculations and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma leptin concentration was measured with a doubleantibody radioimmunoassay (Linco Research Inc., St. Charles, MO) at within and between coefficients of variance (CVs) of 4.1% and 5.5%, respectively (6).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, leptin could relate to changes in plasma insulin and metabolic parameters such as free fatty acids (FFAs) and amino acids (5). Plasma leptin concentrations corrected for BMI are lower in female type 1 and type 2 diabetic subjects than in healthy subjects, suggesting a defect in leptin production and/or secretion in human diabetes (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Reduction of Plasma Leptin Concentrations by Arginine but Not Lipid Infusion in Humans

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

STINGL, HARALD, WOLFGANG RAFFESBERG, PETER NOWOTNY, WERNER WALDHÄ USL, AND MICHAEL RODEN. Reduction of plasma leptin concentrations by arginine but not lipid infusion in humans. Obes Res. 2002; 10:1111-1119. Objective: We examined short-term effects of arginine infusion on plasma leptin in diabetic and healthy subjects. Research Methods and Procedures: Arginine stimulation tests were performed in C-peptide negative type 1 [DM1; hemoglobin A 1c ; 7.3 Ϯ 0.3%], hyperinsulinemic type 2 diabetic (DM2; 7.6 Ϯ 0.7%), and nondiabetic subjects (CON; 5.4 Ϯ 0.1%). Results: Fasting plasma leptin correlated linearly with body mass index among all groups (r ϭ 0.61, p ϭ 0.001). During arginine infusion, peak plasma insulin was lower in DM1 than in DM2 (p Ͻ 0.05) and CON (p Ͻ 0.01). Plasma leptin decreased within 30 minutes by ϳ11% in DM1 (p Ͻ 0.001), DM2 (p Ͻ 0.01), and CON (p Ͻ 0.005), slowly returning to baseline thereafter. Plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) were higher in DM1 (0.6 Ϯ 0.1 mM) and DM2 (0.6 Ϯ 0.1 mM) than in CON (0.4 Ϯ 0.1 mM, p Ͻ 0.05) and transiently declined by ϳ50% (p Ͻ 0.05) at 45 minutes in all groups before rebounding toward baseline. To examine the direct effects of FFAs on plasma leptin, we infused healthy subjects with lipid/heparin and glycerol during fasting, and somatostatin-insulin (ϳ35 pM) -glucagon (ϳ90 ng/mL) clamps were performed. In both protocols, plasma leptin continuously declined by ϳ25% (p Ͻ 0.05) during 540 minutes without any difference between the high and low FFA conditions. Discussion: Arginine infusion transiently decreased plasma leptin concentrations both in insulin-deficient and hyperinsulinemic diabetic patients, indicating a direct inhibitory effect of the amino acid but not of insulin or FFAs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculations and Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reduction of Plasma Leptin Concentrations by Arginine but Not Lipid Infusion in Humans

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Zukünftige Angriffspunkte für die Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes

Stingl

Roden

2004

Wien Klin Wochenschr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the metabolic syndrome represent a major clinical challenge, because effective strategies such as fat restriction and exercise are difficult to implement into diabetes treatment. Based on the increasing knowledge on the pathogenesis of T2DM, new therapeutic approaches are currently under investigation. Potential targets of new therapeutic approaches include: (i) Inhibition of hepatic glucose production, (ii) stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, (iii) enhancement of insulin signal transduction, and (iv) reduction of body fat mass. Agonists of glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) and antagonists of dipeptidylpeptidase IV, which inactivates GLP-1, stimulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion, improve hyperglycemia and are already tested in clinical trials. In humans, glucagon antagonists and an amylin analogue reduce glucagon-dependent glucose production. The glucose-lowering effect of current modulators of lipid oxidation is not pronounced and their use could be limited by side effects. In addition to clinically approved thiazolidendiones, new agonists of the peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) as well as combined PPAR alpha/gamma agonists are developed at present. The direct modulation of insulin signal transduction is still limited to experimental studies.

show abstract

Adiponectin and leptin: Potential tools in the differential diagnosis of pediatric diabetes?

Huerta

2006

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the pediatric population has increased over the past decade. The practitioner is often faced with the challenge of differentiating between type 1 and type 2 diabetes at the time of initial diagnosis because of the overlap of clinical and laboratory characteristics between these two entities. Adipokines are proteins secreted by the adipose tissue. Leptin and adiponectin are two adipokines that have been extensively studied in vitro, in animal studies, and in human subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Leptin and adiponectin play a significant role in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity in both the liver and skeletal muscle. Leptin decreases appetite, increases energy expenditure, suppresses insulin synthesis and secretion and increases insulin sensitivity. Changes in the secretion or sensitivity to leptin and adiponectin may contribute to the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin is higher in adult and pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes compared to those with type 2 diabetes. Data regarding leptin levels are contradictory. Most studies report decreased serum leptin at the time of diagnosis in type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes subjects and non-diabetic controls. This paper will review basic research and clinical evidence supporting the role of adiponectin and leptin in the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and discuss their potential use as tools in the differential diagnosis of pediatric diabetes.

show abstract

Relative hypoleptinemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 40 publications

References 44 publications

Reduction of Plasma Leptin Concentrations by Arginine but Not Lipid Infusion in Humans

Reduction of Plasma Leptin Concentrations by Arginine but Not Lipid Infusion in Humans

Zukünftige Angriffspunkte für die Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes

Adiponectin and leptin: Potential tools in the differential diagnosis of pediatric diabetes?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About