Relative effectiveness of Tulasnella fungal strains in orchid mycorrhizal symbioses between germination and subsequent seedling growth

Fuji, Masako; Miura, Chihiro; Yamamoto, Tatsuki; Komiyama, Shintaro; Suetsugu, Kenji; Yagame, Takahiro; Yamato, Masahide; Kaminaka, Hironori

doi:10.1007/s13199-020-00681-0

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…has been recorded as an endophytic fungus. 39 , 40 Such studies have reported that Epulorhiza, Fusarium , and Tulasnella are the mycorrhizal fungi of orchids, 11 , 41–43 consistent with the results obtained in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Fan

Liao

Wang

et al. 2021

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Seed germination and seedling development in nearly all orchid species rely on a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi; however, this is not the case with all mycorrhizal fungi. This study aims to provide an understanding about the important role of mycorrhiza in seed germination and growth of Paphiopedilum barbigerum . Therefore, we isolated and identified endophytic fungi from the roots of wild P. barbigerum . The beneficial mycorrhizal fungi Epulorhiza sp. FQXY019 and Tulasnella calospora FQXY017 were screened by seed symbiotic germination tests and found to promote seed germination. However, only the seeds inoculated with FQXY019 progressed from the seed germination to rooting stage. This shows that mycorrhizal fungi and P. barbigerum have a specific relation at different growth phases. In addition, we selected FQXY019 and inoculated it into MS medium, B5 medium, OMA medium, and PDA medium. The results showed that FQXY019 co-cultured on PDA significantly promoted the increase in seedling fresh weight, leaf length, and root length ( p < .01). Furthermore, it significantly promoted the root number and leaf number of seedlings compared with those co-cultured on MS, B5, and OMA media and control ( p < .05). Thus, this study demonstrated the promoting effect of Epulorhiza sp. FQXY019 on seed germination and seedling development, making it an alternative method for the artificial propagation of P. barbigerum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Fan

Liao

Wang

et al. 2021

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…For instance, the establishment of orchid populations is affected by soil pH and moisture [74], which can be modified by habitat degradation and climate change. However, as fungal strains differ in their symbiotic compatibility by orchid life stages [75], research is needed to assess the functional importance of the various OM fungi across the orchid lifecycle. However, to fully understand the role of OM symbionts in the recruitment of endangered orchid species, the most dramatic piece of evidence missing is a clear comprehension of the ecology of the fungal species, including their environmental reservoirs and sensitivities to environmental factors [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Distribution of Two Rare Orchis Sister Species Limited by Their Main Mycobiont?

2020

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As orchids rely on their mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient supply, their spatial range is dependent on the distribution of orchid mycorrhizal (OM) fungi. We addressed possible correlations between mycorrhizal specificity and the geographic distribution of orchids and OM fungi in three populations of the rare sister species Orchis patens and O. canariensis. Metabarcoding of the fungal ITS2 region indicated that, although adult plants of either species were colonized by several ceratobasidioid, tulasnelloid, sebacinoid and serendipitoid fungi, the mycobiont spectra were dominated by Tulasnella helicospora (which occurred in 100% of examined plants with high read numbers), which is a globally distributed fungus. In vitro assays with a T. helicospora isolate obtained from O. patens indicated the effectiveness of this OM fungus at germinating seeds of its native host. At a local scale, higher read numbers for T. helicospora were found in soil samples collected underneath O. patens roots than at locations unoccupied by the orchid. Although these findings suggest that the geographical pattern of the main fungal symbiont does not limit the distribution of O. patens and O. canariensis at this scale, the actual causal link between orchid and OM fungal occurrence/abundance still needs to be better understood.

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“…As this site is hosting a diverse range of orchids seed-germination-compatible Tulasnella OTU from southern marsh orchid (from a chalky wet habitat) was tested among many other isolates of putative mycorrhizal fungi for yellow early marsh. The lineage of Tulasnellaceae, a common mycorrhizal fungus in orchids shows generalist behavior as reported in many Dactylorhiza and other terrestrial orchids [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Preventing Extinction of the Critically Endangered Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. ochroleuca in Britain Using Symbiotic Seedlings for Reintroduction

Sarasan

Pankhurst²,

Yokoya

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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The yellow early marsh-orchid (Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. ochroleuca) is critically endangered in the UK. Reintroduction of this threatened orchid to former haunts that have been restored is a long-term objective of this study. Identifying germination-specific mycorrhizal fungus lineages from closely related species is used as a method due to the extremely small number of plants left in the wild. A putative orchid mycorrhizal fungus of the family Tulasnellaceae, isolated from Dactylorhiza praetermissa, supported in vitro seed germination to produce reintroduction-ready seedlings. Reintroduced symbiotic seedlings survived over the winter months in the flooded reintroduction site (RS). The comparative soil analysis for key nutrients before reintroduction showed that phosphorus content in the RS is very low compared to the soil collected from the wild site (WS) where the last viable population exists. On the other hand, C:N ratio in the soil at the WS and RS were not significantly different. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever report on the reintroduction of symbiotic seedlings of a threatened orchid back to the wild in the UK.

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Relative effectiveness of Tulasnella fungal strains in orchid mycorrhizal symbioses between germination and subsequent seedling growth

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Isolation and identification of beneficial orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae)

Is the Distribution of Two Rare Orchis Sister Species Limited by Their Main Mycobiont?

Preventing Extinction of the Critically Endangered Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. ochroleuca in Britain Using Symbiotic Seedlings for Reintroduction

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