Relative Deprivation, Rising Expectations, and Black Militancy

Abeles, Ronald P.

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1976.tb02498.x

Cited by 108 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(2 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The importance of the intragroup versus intergroup distinction to feelings of RD and social action has been demonstrated in a wide variety of studies (Abeles, 1976;Dion, 1986;Dube and Guimond, 1986;Martin, 1982Martin, , 1986Martin, Brickman and Murray, 1984;Taylor and Dube, 1986;Tougas andVeilleux, 1988, Vanneman andPettigrew, 1972). Runciman (1966) proposed two types of RD related to this distinction -personal (also known as 'egoistical') and group (also known as 'fraternal').…”

Section: Relative Deprivation (Rd) Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of salient self‐identities on relative deprivation and action intentions

Kawakami

Dion

1993

Euro J Social Psych

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Relative Deprivation (Rd) Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of salient self‐identities on relative deprivation and action intentions

Kawakami

Dion

1993

Euro J Social Psych

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CRD occurs when the individual feels that his/her group has been deprived, and appears to be a more theoretically consistent explanation for why women acted to benefit the group, yet were neither personally involved in the Massacre nor involved in other experiences of violence. While CRD is regarded as the more valid explanation of collective action, the relationship between CRD and action is moderate, at best (e.g., Abeles, 1976;Crawford & Naditch, 1970;Guimond & DubÈ-Simard, 1983;Hafer & Olson, 1993;McInnis & Grant, 1990;Miller, Bolce & Halligan, 1977;Walker & Mann, 1987), explaining 8% percent of the variability on average. Indeed, while many women and other minority group members recognize their group's discrimination, relatively few endorse or are involved in actions to change women's status (Crosby, Pufall, Snyder, O'Connell & Whalen, 1989;Matheson, Echenberg & Taylor, 1990;Taylor, Wright, Moghaddam & Lalonde, 1990;Taylor, Moghaddam, Gamble, & Zellerer, 1987).…”

Section: Relative Deprivation Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Relative Deprivation: Combining the Personal and Political

Foster

Matheson

1995

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Double relative deprivation, which has been virtually ignored in research on relative deprivation, was expected to predict women's collective action over and above egoistic and collective deprivation. The role of socio-political resources in perceiving deprivation and participation in action was also investigated. Female students (N=164) completed a questionnaire designed to assess their perceptions of egoistic, collective, double relative deprivation (defined as the interaction between egoistic and collective deprivation), resource availability and participation in collective action. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that double relative deprivation predicted collective action over and above egoistic and collective relative deprivation, and that resource availability also uniquely predicted action. Implications for expanding conceptual and operational definitions of these constructs are discussed. Double Relative Deprivation 3On December 6, 1989, at the UniversitÈ de Montreal, Canada, a man entered a classroom of engineering students waving a semi-automatic rifle. He forced the male students from the room, and to the women he yelled, "You are feminists. I hate feminists." He killed fourteen women, injured more, then turned the rifle on himself.His suicide note made apparent his intentions to send " the feminists, who have always ruined my life, to their Maker" (LÈpine, as cited in Malette & Chalouh, 1991).The tragedy of the "Montreal Massacre" inspired women across the country to participate in collective actions 1 . Women who had rarely acted on behalf of women's rights began to participate in candlelight vigils and protests to "take back the night", and to lobby for governmental investigation into violence against women and new legislation on gun control (Malette & Chalouh, 1991). However, women's increased action became a point of controversy in a nationwide media debate which questioned the motivation behind their actions. On the one hand, women's increased collective action was attributed to their awareness of their vulnerability as targets of violence; if it could happen to the fourteen students simply for being women, it could happen to any woman, including oneself (Lacelle, as cited in Malette & Chalouh, 1991). In contrast, others argued that women's participation in action was instead due to a perception that useful socio-political resources were now available; women chose to act because they perceived widespread attention and sympathy that provided them with the opportunity to advance their position (St. Jean, as cited in Malette & Chalouh, 1991).The controversy that was played out in the Canadian media is also seen in Double Relative Deprivation 4 alternative theoretical approaches to explaining collective action. In particular, relative deprivation theory suggests that individuals act to benefit the group when they became aware of their disadvantage. In contrast, resource mobilization theory suggests that individuals act when they believe that important socio-political resources are...

show abstract

“…The strength of their support networks provides a protective function for their self-esteem and buffers the negative effects of societal stressors, such as race discrimination, that might otherwise result in demoralization and low selfesteem (Gibbs & Fuery, 1994;Lykes, 1983;Miller, 1992;Myers, 1975Myers, , 1980. The social comparisons component of self-esteem is related to relative deprivation theory (Abeles, 1976). It states that Blacks will objectively compare their socioeconomic status vis-à-vis the status of other groups.…”

Section: Refuting the Principles Of Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study of African American Women and the Maintenance of a Healthy Self-Esteem

Patterson

2004

Journal of Black Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study examined the self-esteem of African American women (N = 428) over a 14-year period using the National Survey of Black Americans: A Panel Study of Black American Life 1979-1992 (NSBA; Jackson& Gurin, 1996). Difference-of-means tests were used to examine self-esteem in four time periods (1979 to 1980, 1986 to 1987, 1988 to 1989, and 1992), and OLS regression was used to determine the effect of three variable categories (support networks, achievement outcomes, and racial esteem) on self-esteem in 1979 and 1992. Although historical analyses of self-esteem predicted low self-esteem for Blacks in general and Black women in particular, African American women maintain a very high self-esteem in three decades. Support networks and achievement outcomes significantly affected self-esteem in both years, and racial esteemwas significantly related to self-esteem in 1979. The findings are discussed in relation to historical and current analyses of self-esteem and within a feminist paradigm that supports the maintenance of a healthy self-esteem despite membership in a marginalized group.

show abstract

Relative Deprivation, Rising Expectations, and Black Militancy

Cited by 108 publications

References 9 publications

The impact of salient self‐identities on relative deprivation and action intentions

The impact of salient self‐identities on relative deprivation and action intentions

Double Relative Deprivation: Combining the Personal and Political

A Longitudinal Study of African American Women and the Maintenance of a Healthy Self-Esteem

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About