“…Taking a cue from Runciman (1966), it is common in the literature to define relative deprivation of a person with income x relative to a richer person with income y as y − x , while a person is not deprived with respect to those poorer than her. To be exact, let x ↑ = (x (1) , x (2) , · · · , x (N ) ) such that 0 < x (1) ≤ x (2) ≤ · · · ≤ x (N ) be a vector of positive income levels and π = (π 1 , π 2 , · · · , π N ) be a vector of positive numbers such that π i is the number of persons with income level x (i ) .…”