Relative Clauses

Radford, Andrew

doi:10.1017/9781108687744

Cited by 54 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 321 publications

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“…Current study. This study uses a series of online and offline tasks to examine the processing and acceptability of gaps vs. RPs in short-and long-distance subject RC dependencies (subject RCs being the environment where RPs are most often observed in English; see Radford, 2019). The test group consists of L1-Korean L2ers of English (Korean is a language that, like English, is widely believed to disallow RPs in simple and embedded subject RCs); native English speakers are also included as controls.…”

Section: Previous Research On Resumption In An L2 Experimental Reseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Resumptive pronouns facilitate processing of long-distance relative clause dependencies in second language English

Zenker

Schwartz

2021

Proc Ling Soc Amer

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This study provides evidence that resumptive pronouns (RPs) can facilitate the processing of long-distance subject relative clause (RC) dependencies during second language (L2) sentence comprehension, even where they are disallowed in both the first language (L1) and the target language. A test group of 29 L1-Korean L2 learners (L2ers) of English and a control group of 25 native English speakers completed an online self-paced reading task (SPRT) and an offline acceptability judgment task (AJT) designed to test whether RPs reflect Interlanguage grammar representations and/or a strategy to alleviate processing overload. Analysis of the SPRT data from both response times and comprehension question accuracy indicates that RPs assisted the L2ers, but not the native speakers, with dependency resolution in long-distance RCs. For the AJT data, a proficiency effect was observed whereby some lower-proficiency L2ers, but not the higher-proficiency ones or the native speakers, tended to prefer RPs over gaps in long-distance RCs. The implications of these findings and plans for future research are discussed.

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Section: Previous Research On Resumption In An L2 Experimental Reseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Resumptive pronouns facilitate processing of long-distance relative clause dependencies in second language English

Zenker

Schwartz

2021

Proc Ling Soc Amer

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“…The second way of reducing the RCs whose relative pronoun immediately precedes its own predicate is used with the adjective clauses which do not have the verb be. The RCs can be shortened by leaving out the pronoun and changing the verb in the predicate from the finite form into the present participial form (e.g., Azar, 1999;Beare, 2019). Stanton (2011) states that the omission of the subordinate clause marker and the addition of the -ing suffix to the finite form of the verb are called together as Stuff-ing.…”

Section: Relative Clausesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salience and working memory on L2 processing of english relative clauses with past participles and past participial reduced relative clauses by L1 Thai learners

Thiamtawan

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The present study explored effects of working memory (WM), structure, and salience on the processing of irregular past participial forms in English relative clauses (RCs) and participial reduced relative clauses (PRRCs) among L1 Thai learners. Based on Bayley's research (1994), the salience in this study was related to phonological changes from the past tense form of English irregular verbs into their past participial form. The research included two groups of past participles with different salience degrees, i.e., an internal vowel change plus an addition of the syllabic [?n] morpheme and an internal vowel change plus an affixation of n. The research participants were seventy Thai undergraduate students with high English proficiency. The research instruments comprised a reading span task and a self-paced reading task. The reading span task was used to classify the learners according to WM degree into two groups: higher and lower WM groups. The self-paced reading task looked into the participants' processing of the two past participial forms. The study hypothesized that the two participant groups with different levels of WM would manifest different fashions for online and offline processing. Moreover, the higher WM learners were predicted to take as similar amounts of reading time for RCs as their lower WM counterparts and spend more time reading PRRCs than the participants with fewer cognitive resources. The research findings partially supported the first hypothesis, but refuted the second hypothesis. That is, the distinction between the cognitive capacity levels of the two participant groups tended to affect their online processing, but not offline processing. This suggested that WM effects could depend on task types, which was consistent with the findings of Hopp (2015) and Zhou et al. (2017). Furthermore, the higher WM participants were more likely to read the two constructions faster than the lower span ones. The finding indicated that a high level of cognitive capacity could increase L2 learners' speed of combining the upcoming with the preceding information�(Just & Carpenter, 1992). This study made a contribution to L2 processing research by substantiating the dependence of WM impact on the task type as well as the relationship between L2 learners' cognitive resources and their processing speed. The research also provided theoretical and pedagogical implications.

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Confronting Grammatical Ideology with Usage: Toward a Socially Realistic Account of Spoken Portuguese

Almeida

Berlinck²,

Levey³

2023

Understanding Linguistic Prejudice

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Relative Clauses

Cited by 54 publications

References 321 publications

Resumptive pronouns facilitate processing of long-distance relative clause dependencies in second language English

Resumptive pronouns facilitate processing of long-distance relative clause dependencies in second language English

Effects of salience and working memory on L2 processing of english relative clauses with past participles and past participial reduced relative clauses by L1 Thai learners

Confronting Grammatical Ideology with Usage: Toward a Socially Realistic Account of Spoken Portuguese

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