Relative Balance of Serratus Anterior and Upper Trapezius Muscle Activity during Push-Up Exercises

Ludewig, Paula M.; Hoff, Molly S.; Osowski, Erin E.; Meschke, Shane A.; Rundquist, Peter J.

doi:10.1177/0363546503258911

Cited by 337 publications

(315 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…EMG was recorded from the lower serratus anterior division as described by Ludewig and Cook (2000). The results of the present study are in agreement with previous authors that have suggested the lower division produces upward rotation (Ludewig et al, 2004;Roren et al, 2013) and controls downward rotation The authors suggest posterior tilt is produced by the inferior laterally directed fibers of the lower division and the middle division is likely to contribute to controlling anterior tilt too by keeping the medial border close to the thoracic spine. Further research is needed to explore the degree of muscle activity for each serratus anterior subdivision during a variety of rehabilitation exercises.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A novel cadaveric study of the morphometry of the serratus anterior muscle: one part, two parts, three parts, four?

et al. 2016

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calculated. Three subdivisions of serratus anterior were identified. A new finding was the discovery of two distinctive fascicles attached to the superior and inferior aspects of rib 2.The rib 2 inferior fascicle had the largest PCSA (mean 1.6 cm 2 ) and attached, with the rib 3 fascicle, along the medial border of scapula to form the middle division. The rib 2 superior and rib 1 fascicles attached to the superior angle of scapula (upper division).Fascicles from ribs 4 to 8/9 attached to the inferior angle of scapula (lower division).Mean fascicle angle relative to a vertical midline reference and PCSA for each division were 29 o and 1.3 cm 2 (upper), 90 o and 2.2 cm 2 (middle), and 59 o and 3.0 cm 2 (lower).This novel study demonstrated the presence of morphologically distinct serratus anterior subdivisions. The results of this study will inform the development of optimal techniques for the assessment, treatment and rehabilitation of this architecturally complex muscle in shoulder and neck pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A novel cadaveric study of the morphometry of the serratus anterior muscle: one part, two parts, three parts, four?

et al. 2016

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“…In cooperation with the lower trapezius, these muscles are optimally positioned to keep the scapula aligned with the thorax and ensure dynamic stabilization. Shoulder disorders are observed to be associated with an abnormal activation pattern of these muscles, termed scapular muscle imbalance 5) . Specifically, patients with neck and shoulder disorders frequently show excessive activity of the upper trapezius combined with reduced activity of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles 5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shoulder disorders are observed to be associated with an abnormal activation pattern of these muscles, termed scapular muscle imbalance 5) . Specifically, patients with neck and shoulder disorders frequently show excessive activity of the upper trapezius combined with reduced activity of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles 5) . Scapular setting exercises are used to stabilize the shoulder and are of two types: open kinetic-chain (OKC) and closed kinetic-chain (CKC) exercises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Scapulothoracic and Trunk Muscle Activities among Three Variations of Knee Push-up-plus Exercises

2011

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Abstract. [Purpose] This study compared the activations of the shoulder and trunk muscles during dominant-leg-extended knee push-up-plus (KPP) exercises on a mat, on an unstable surface, and with loading.[Subjects] Fourteen healthy subjects, all right-side dominant and with no history of injury or surgery to the shoulder or neck were the subjects.[Methods] The subjects performed dominant-legextended knee push-up-plus using three variations. Electromyography activities of the serratus anterior (SA), upper trapezius (UT), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles were recorded.[Results] We observed significant differences in SA activity among the exercise conditions. Dominantleg-extended KPP on a stable surface produced the highest SA muscle activity. Dominant-leg-extended KPP using a wobble board produced the highest EO and IO muscle activity. [Conclusion] To apply the proper resistance to enhance selective SA muscle activity in KPP, the best technique is to raise the ipsilateral leg. Furthermore, KPP on an unstable surface can facilitate lumbar stabilization.

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“…And it was reported that the combination of standard rehabilitation interventions and scapulothoracic joint control training exercises were an effective treatment of the shoulder joint dysfunction [11,12]. Therefore, research on exercises to change scapular muscle activity [13,14] has led to the recognition of the importance of scapular stability for shoulder movement in normal scapular muscle activity. However, apart from shoulder elevation, the mechanism of scapular stability, especially in isometric contraction and movement of the shoulder joint, remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric Contraction of Scapular Muscles Activities during Horizontal Abduction and Adduction of the Shoulder

Ijiri¹,

Takagi²,

Suzuki³

2017

J Nov Physiother

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Background: Scapular stability is important for shoulder movement; however, the mechanism of scapular stability remains unknown. In addition, activities of scapular muscles have been only evaluated during shoulder elevation, but not extensively observed those of other shoulder movements. We investigated muscle activity, including scapular muscle activity, during horizontal abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint.

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Relative Balance of Serratus Anterior and Upper Trapezius Muscle Activity during Push-Up Exercises

Abstract: Clinical selection of exercises for improving scapular control should consider both maximum serratus activation and upper trapezius/serratus anterior ratios.

Cited by 337 publications

References 19 publications

A novel cadaveric study of the morphometry of the serratus anterior muscle: one part, two parts, three parts, four?

A novel cadaveric study of the morphometry of the serratus anterior muscle: one part, two parts, three parts, four?

A Comparison of Scapulothoracic and Trunk Muscle Activities among Three Variations of Knee Push-up-plus Exercises

Isometric Contraction of Scapular Muscles Activities during Horizontal Abduction and Adduction of the Shoulder

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