Relationships of Serum Leptin to Clinical and Anthropometric Findings in Obese Patients

Adami, Gian Franco; Cella, Franca; Marinari, Giuseppe M.; Camerini, Giovanni; Papadia, Francesco; Scopinaro, Nicola

doi:10.1381/096089202321019576

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, according to our results, it is difficult to state that in obese subjects total serum leptin is a cardiovascular risk factor because of its direct bivariate association with HDL‐cholesterol in women and its inverse association with the lipid atherogenic fractions: total cholesterol in men, the ratio total cholesterol‐to‐HDL‐cholesterol in women, and LDL‐cholesterol in both genders. This has been partially described by other authors suggesting a protector role for leptin in obese people (27, 28). Furthermore, multivariate analysis confirmed the direct association between leptin and HDL‐cholesterol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that free and bound leptin have different correlations to altitude and a differential behavior on HDL‐cholesterol. Unfortunately, we measured only total leptin, and we can now only speculate about this, but Adami et al have proposed that some cardiovascular protection could be obtained from leptin merely because of the presence of a sufficient amount of fat mass (27), and this is equivalent to a high enough concentration of free leptin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Leptin and Altitude in the Cardiovascular Diseases

León¹,

González²,

Méndez³

et al. 2004

Obesity Research

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CABRERA DE LEÓ N, ANTONIO, DELIA ALMEIDA GONZÁ LEZ, LINA I. PÉ REZ MÉ NDEZ, ARMANDO AGUIRRE-JAIME, MA DEL CRISTO RODRÍGUEZ PÉ REZ, SANTIAGO DOMÍNGUEZ COELLO, IRMA CARBALLO TRUJILLO. Leptin and altitude in the cardiovascular diseases. Obes Res. 2004;12:1492-1498. Objective: The lower mortality from coronary ischemic disease in populations living at high altitude has been related to an increase of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol at altitude. Leptin has been proposed as a cardiovascular risk factor. We investigated whether leptin varies according to the altitude at which people live. Research Methods and Procedures: This was a crosssectional study of the first 889 people enrolled in a cohort study in the Canary Islands, Spain. The relationship among serum leptin, altitude, obesity, and other cardiovascular risk factors was analyzed by bivariate and multivariate tests. Results: Leptin levels showed an inverse correlation to altitude expressed in meters (r ϭ Ϫ0.10). Obese subjects had this leptin-altitude association (r ϭ Ϫ0.19), but they also had a direct correlation of leptin to HDL-cholesterol (r ϭ 0.27) and an inverse correlation of leptin to the total cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (r ϭ Ϫ0.34), triglycerides (r ϭ Ϫ0.29), apolipoprotein B (r ϭ Ϫ0.21), and glycemia (r ϭ Ϫ0.19). Nonobese subjects had only the leptin-altitude association (r ϭ Ϫ0.11). The final regression model included altitude as predictor. Other associated variables were gender, physical activity, BMI, age, smoking (reducing leptin independently of BMI), alcohol, heart rate, and income.Discussion: Serum leptin level decreases when altitude increases, and this association could help to explain the lower cardiovascular mortality rate at high altitude. However, because in obese subjects there is a direct association of leptin with HDL-cholesterol and an inverse association with the lipid atherogenic fractions, we suggest the hypothesis of different roles for bound and free leptin, with free leptin being a cardiovascular protective factor in obese people.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Leptin and Altitude in the Cardiovascular Diseases

León¹,

González²,

Méndez³

et al. 2004

Obesity Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Research has directly linked increases in body fat to increased triglyceride and serum glucose levels in both monkeys [Kemnitz et al, 1989;Bodkin et al, 1993] and humans [Anderson et al, 1988;Adami et al, 2002;Huang et al, 2004]. These metabolic characteristics, along with increased leptin and insulin, constitute a means for measuring relative obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of guidelines for assessing obesity in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

2007

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Many captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are subjectively considered to be overweight or obese. However, discussions of obesity in chimpanzees are rare in the literature, despite the acknowledged problem. No study to date has systematically examined obesity in captive chimpanzees. This project develops guidelines for defining obesity in captive chimpanzees through the examination of morphometric and physiologic characteristics in 37 adult female and 22 adult male chimpanzees. During each animal's biannual physical exam, morphometric data was collected including seven skinfolds (mm), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and total body weight (kg). The morphometric characteristics were correlated with triglycerides and serum glucose concentration, to test the utility of morphometrics in predicting relative obesity in captive chimpanzees. Abdominal skinfold (triglyceride: F=3.83, P=0.05; glucose: F=3.83, P=0.05) and BMI (triglyceride: F=10.42, p=0.003; glucose: F=6.20, P=0.02) were predictive of increased triglycerides and serum glucose in females; however no morphometric characteristics were predictive of relative obesity in males. Results suggest that no males in this population are overweight or obese. For females, there were additional significant differences in morphometric (skinfolds, BMI, WHR, total body weight) and physiologic measurements (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, red blood cells) between individuals classified overweight and those classified non-overweight. Skinfold measurements, particularly abdominal, seem to be an accurate measure of obesity and thus potential cardiovascular risk in female chimpanzees, but not males. By establishing a baseline for estimated body fat composition in female captive chimpanzees, institutions can track individuals empirically determined to be obese, as well as obesity-related health problems. Zoo Biol 0:1-12, 2007. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…1,[13][14] Multivariate analysis such as factor analysis of the MetS risk factors has identified important latent factors. Investigations of MetS through factor analysis have varied in terms of the number of risk factors considered and different studies have reported a group of factor domains [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] or a single (primary) MetS factor. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] A number of clinical studies have been performed for attenuating the compound effect of MetS components.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Major QTLs and Several Others Relate to Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in the Family Blood Pressure Program

et al. 2005

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Abstract-Genome-wide variance components linkage analysis was performed on 4 latent factors underlying metabolic syndrome derived from 10 risk factors. The latent factors represent obesity and insulin, blood pressure, lipids and insulin, and central obesity. The metabolic syndrome factor scores were derived in 4 ethnic groups recruited in 3 Networks of the Family Blood Pressure Program: GENOA (blacks, Hispanics, and whites), HyperGEN (blacks and whites), SAPPHIRe (Asians). Heritabilities of metabolic syndrome factors ranged from 66% for obesity and insulin to 11% for blood pressure factor. We observed higher heritabilities for obesity and insulin, and lipids and insulin, whereas those for blood pressure and central obesity were smaller. Linkage analysis detected two major quantitative trait loci. One of them linked to the obesity and insulin factor with a lod score of 3.

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Relationships of Serum Leptin to Clinical and Anthropometric Findings in Obese Patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Leptin and Altitude in the Cardiovascular Diseases

Leptin and Altitude in the Cardiovascular Diseases

Development of guidelines for assessing obesity in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Two Major QTLs and Several Others Relate to Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in the Family Blood Pressure Program

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