Relationships in regional groundwater discharge to streams: An analysis by numerical simulation

Ophori, Duke; Töth, J.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(90)90044-x

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The outlets can therefore be considered as streams with the lower-order streams, the topographically-higher ones on the right, eventually joining the topographically-lower higher-order channels. This is similar to the conceptual model by Ophori and Tóth [1990].…”

Section: Residence Time Distributions and Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Our ensuing analysis is valid to the extent that the Tóth solution is applicable. Note that, based on the original analysis by Tóth [1963], and later on by Ophori and Tóth [1990], different flowfields may result depending on multiple factors such as the relationship between local and regional head gradients and the aspect ratio of the domain. Geologic variability is another factor that may affect regional groundwater flow and its connectivity with surface water bodies [ Freeze and Witherspoon , 1967].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential contribution of topography‐driven regional groundwater flow to fractal stream chemistry: Residence time distribution analysis of Tóth flow

Cardenas

2007

Geophysical Research Letters

124

118

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[1] Groundwater and surface water are interconnected. Tóth's analysis of topography-driven groundwater flow, presumably exiting in lakes or streams, is one of the first illustrations of this connection. Recently, fractal behavior in time-series observations of stream chemistry, implying a power-law residence time distribution (PLRTD) has been attributed to heterogeneity in subsurface flow paths and mass exchange processes. We show through numerical simulations that topography-driven groundwater flow, i.e., Tóth flow, and transport under homogeneous aquifer conditions results in PLRTDs and may therefore contribute to fractal behavior in surface water chemistry. For the first time, PLRTDs are explained with a purely physical basis. Heterogeneity, accounted for by a large dispersivity value, makes the PLRTD more pronounced and persistent. Late-time arrival of solutes from surrounding watersheds results in multi-modality in the RTD, but these late peaks also follow a PLRTD after arrival.

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Section: Residence Time Distributions and Sensitivity Analysissupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential contribution of topography‐driven regional groundwater flow to fractal stream chemistry: Residence time distribution analysis of Tóth flow

Cardenas

2007

Geophysical Research Letters

124

118

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“…However, groundwater flows have their own scale‐dependent structure. As originally proposed by Tóth [] and extended by Freeze and Witherspoon [], Ophori and Tóth [], Cardenas [], and Wörman et al . [] (see also Dingman [], chapter 8), the nested structure of a river basin's topography tends to induce a similarly nested set of groundwater flow systems, with important implications for basin response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple regression and inverse moments improve the characterization of the spatial scaling behavior of daily streamflows in the Southeast United States

Farmer

Over

Vogel

2015

Water Resources Research

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Understanding the spatial structure of daily streamflow is essential for managing freshwater resources, especially in poorly gaged regions. Spatial scaling assumptions are common in flood frequency prediction (e.g., index-flood method) and the prediction of continuous streamflow at ungaged sites (e.g. drainage-area ratio), with simple scaling by drainage area being the most common assumption. In this study, scaling analyses of daily streamflow from 173 streamgages in the southeastern United States resulted in three important findings. First, the use of only positive integer moment orders, as has been done in most previous studies, captures only the probabilistic and spatial scaling behavior of flows above an exceedance probability near the median; negative moment orders (inverse moments) are needed for lower streamflows. Second, assessing scaling by using drainage area alone is shown to result in a high degree of omitted-variable bias, masking the true spatial scaling behavior. Multiple regression is shown to mitigate this bias, controlling for regional heterogeneity of basin attributes, especially those correlated with drainage area. Previous univariate scaling analyses have neglected the scaling of low-flow events and may have produced biased estimates of the spatial scaling exponent. Third, the multiple regression results show that mean flows scale with an exponent of one, low flows scale with spatial scaling exponents greater than one, and high flows scale with exponents less than one. The relationship between scaling exponents and exceedance probabilities may be a fundamental signature of regional streamflow. This signature may improve our understanding of the physical processes generating streamflow at different exceedance probabilities.

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“…Thus, the portion of water infiltrating into the subsurface of a hillslope adjacent to a lower order stream may follow longer flow paths and reach a higher order stream channel. As a consequence, base flow generation per unit channel length, which is also active subsurface storage per unit length ( s ) will increase in the downstream direction, a hypothesis supported by experimental evidence [ Ophori and Toth , ]. For a channel reach of length dl situated at a distance l from its farthest source (Figure a), s is equal to the product of its q and the time period for which the channel reach drains, t :

s = q \cdot t

.…”

Section: Analysis Of Observed Recession Curvesmentioning

confidence: 88%

A general geomorphological recession flow model for river basins

Biswal

Kumar

2013

Water Resources Research

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[1] Recession flows in a basin are controlled by the temporal evolution of its active drainage network (ADN). The geomorphological recession flow model (GRFM) assumes that both the rate of flow generation per unit ADN length (q) and the speed at which ADN heads move downstream (c) remain constant during a recession event. Thereby, it connects the power law exponent of -dQ/dt versus Q (discharge at the outlet at time t) curve, , with the structure of the drainage network, a fixed entity. In this study, we first reformulate the GRFM for Horton-Strahler networks and show that the geomorphic ( g ) is equal to D= D À 1 ð Þ, where D is the fractal dimension of the drainage network. We then propose a more general recession flow model by expressing both q and c as functions of HortonStrahler stream order. We show that it is possible to have ¼ g for a recession event even when q and c do not remain constant. The modified GRFM suggests that is controlled by the spatial distribution of subsurface storage within the basin. By analyzing streamflow data from 39 U.S. Geological Survey basins, we show that is having a power law relationship with recession curve peak, which indicates that the spatial distribution of subsurface storage varies across recession events.

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Relationships in regional groundwater discharge to streams: An analysis by numerical simulation

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Potential contribution of topography‐driven regional groundwater flow to fractal stream chemistry: Residence time distribution analysis of Tóth flow

Potential contribution of topography‐driven regional groundwater flow to fractal stream chemistry: Residence time distribution analysis of Tóth flow

Multiple regression and inverse moments improve the characterization of the spatial scaling behavior of daily streamflows in the Southeast United States

A general geomorphological recession flow model for river basins

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