Relationships between Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance among &amp;lt;italic&amp;gt;Escherichia coli&amp;lt;/italic&amp;gt; Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections and Commensal Isolates in Tehran, Iran

Karam, Mohammad Reza Asadi; Habibi, Mehri; Bouzari, Saeid

doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.5.02

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the present study, biofilm formation was evident in majority of UPEC; this is in agreement with study done by Karam et al [15], Sharma et al [19] and Dumaru et al [20]. Study done by Fattahi et al [21] have observed a higher rate of biofilm formation (90%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our study showed greater production of hemolysin by UPEC (32.3%, n = 34) than the control strains (11.4%, n = 12), which is statistically significant (P < 0.0001). This finding is consistent with several studies done previously [13, 15, 16]. A similar study done by Mittal et al [9] revealed a higher rate of hemolysin production(47%) in UPEC, while Kauser et al [17] observed only 21% were hemolysin producer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and correlation with antimicrobial resistance

et al. 2019

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Background Escherichia coli has found to be the predominant uropathogen (50–90%) in uncomplicated, community acquired urinary tract infection (UTI). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) express a multitude of virulence factors, which enable the bacteria to establish UTI. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of different phenotypic virulence markers in UPEC isolates and determine their correlation with antibiotic resistance pattern. Results Out of 105 patients, 56 (53%) were females and 49 (47%) were males. The age of the patients in the study ranged from 18 years to 87 years and majority of the patients belonged to the age group 20–29 years. Virulence factor was observed in 65% (n = 69) of UPEC and 20% (n = 22) of control isolates (P = 0.0001). Haemolysin production was observed in 34(32.3%) of uroisolates and 12 (11.4%) of control strain. Similarly, 62% of UPEC and 1% of control produced biofilm (P = 0.0001). The expression of Mannose-resistant hemagglutinin (MRHA) and mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) in uroisolates were 52.3% (n = 55) and 5.7% (n = 6) respectively, whereas in faecal isolates, 8.5% (n = 9) expressed MRHA and none produced MSHA. Antimicrobial resistance showed a high degree of resistance towards ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and norfloxacin. The resistance was observed in significant higher degree in biofilm formers as compared to non-formers. MDR and ESBL was observed in 51 and 46% of test strains and 9 and 7.6% of control strains (P = 0.0001). Conclusion A significant association between virulence factors of UPEC and antimicrobial resistance in UPEC was present. Routine testing of these factors and co-relation with AMR is recommended. These findings will certainly help understand the pathogenicity and proper management of UTI patients, thus decreasing the improper use of antibiotics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and correlation with antimicrobial resistance

et al. 2019

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“…Several studies have determined that hemolysin-producing E. coli isolates were less resistant to tetracycline, nalidixic acid, cefotaxime and cotrimoxazol than non-hemolytic isolates [ 26 , 27 ]. In addition, there is a significant correlation between resistance to ceftazidime and cefotaxime with the presence of fyuA and iutA iron genes in UPEC isolates, while isolates harbouring the chuA genes were more susceptible to sulfamethoxazole [ 27 ].…”

Section: Relationship Between Antibiotic Resistance and Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Virulence and Resistance among Gram-Negative Bacteria

Cepas

Soto

2020

Antibiotics

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Bacteria present in the human body are innocuous, providing beneficial functions, some of which are necessary for correct body function. However, other bacteria are able to colonize, invade, and cause damage to different tissues, and these are categorised as pathogens. These pathogenic bacteria possess several factors that enable them to be more virulent and cause infection. Bacteria have a great capacity to adapt to different niches and environmental conditions (presence of antibiotics, iron depletion, etc.). Antibiotic pressure has favoured the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide. Several studies have reported the presence of a relationship (both positive and negative, and both direct and indirect) between antimicrobial resistance and virulence among bacterial pathogens. This review studies the relationship among the most important Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) taking into account two points of view: (i) the effect the acquisition of resistance has on virulence, and (ii) co-selection of resistance and virulence. The relationship between resistance and virulence among bacteria depends on the bacterial species, the specific mechanisms of resistance and virulence, the ecological niche, and the host.

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“…These antimicrobial resistance patterns tend to differ from one geographical region to another (13). Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial in the management of UTIs; however, this should be based on evidence from regional antimicrobial susceptibility results, knowledge of the virulence genes and bio lm formation (14) (15). Understanding the link between bio lm formation, presence of virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance distribution in UPEC strains is key in designing effective strategies and measures for prevention and management of UTIs especially severe, recurrent and complicated UTIs (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from clinical isolates in Uganda

Katongole

Nalubega

Florence

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Introduction: Uropathogenic E. coli is the leading cause of Urinary tract infections (UTIs), contributing to 80-90% of all community-acquired and 30-50% of all hospital-acquired UTIs. Biofilm forming Uropathogenic E. coli are associated with persistent and chronic inflammation leading to complicated and or recurrent UTIs. Biofilms provide an environment for poor antibiotic penetration and horizontal transfer of virulence genes which favors the development of Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). Understanding biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance determinants of Uropathogenic E. coli strains will provide insight into the development of treatment options for biofilm-associated UTIs. The aim of this study was to determine the biofilm forming capability, presence of virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Uropathogenic E. coli isolates in Uganda. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried in the Clinical Microbiology and Molecular biology laboratories at the Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences. We randomly selected 200 Uropathogenic E. coli clinical isolates among the stored isolates collected between January 2018 and December 2018 that had significant bacteriuria (>105 CFU). All isolates were subjected to biofilm detection using the Congo Red Agar method and Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby disk diffusion method. The isolates were later subjected PCR for the detection of Urovirulence genes namely; Pap, Fim, Sfa, Afa, Hly and Cnf, using commercially designed primers.Results: In this study, 62.5% (125/200) were positive biofilm formers and 78% (156/200) of these were multi-drug resistant (MDR). The isolates were most resistant to Trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole and Amoxicillin (93%) followed by gentamycin (87%) and the least was imipenem (0.5%). Fim was the most prevalent Urovirulence gene (53.5%) followed by Pap (21%), Sfa (13%), Afa (8%), Cnf (5.5%) and Hyl (0%).Conclusions: We demonstrate a high prevalence of biofilm-forming Uropathogenic E. coli strains that are highly associated with the MDR phenotype. We recommend routine surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation to understand the antibiotics suitable in the management of biofilm-associated UTIs.

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Relationships between Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance among <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections and Commensal Isolates in Tehran, Iran

Cited by 46 publications

References 40 publications

Virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and correlation with antimicrobial resistance

Virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and correlation with antimicrobial resistance

Relationship between Virulence and Resistance among Gram-Negative Bacteria

Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from clinical isolates in Uganda

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