Relationships between the weight and chemical composition of exuvia and whole body of the black tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon

Sarac, HZ; McMeniman, NP; Thaggard, H.; Gravel, Marie-Ange; Tabrett, S.J.; Saunders, J.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(94)90179-1

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…With the prawn industry's quick expansion around the world, aquafeed demand has increased dramatically, and has become the principal cost component of production, representing more than 50% of the total cost (Sarac, McMeniman, Thaggard, Gravel, Tabrett & Saunders ; Sudaryono, Hoxey, Kailis & Evans ). Therefore, increasing prawn productivity without compromising feed cost has become a big challenge and a major goal for further development of prawn aquaculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient efficacy of microalgae as aquafeed additives for the adult black tiger prawn,Penaeus monodon

Xiao

Mangott

et al. 2015

Aquac Res

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This study used a small amount of several lyophilized microalgae (5% of dry weight in aquafeed) to feed adult black tiger prawns Penaeus monodon for 4 weeks, aiming to promote prawn health and nutritional level. Apart from slight increases in ash content, chlorophyll and β‐carotene in the microalgae‐added feeds, there was no difference from the commercial diet in their biochemical composition. After 28 days of feeding, prawn body length, body weight, condition index and also total amount of fatty acids and amino acids of the flesh (2nd abdominal segment) were not affected by microalgae additives as compared with the control commercial diet‐fed group (P > 0.05). Prawns fed the microalgae diets, however, had a relatively better survival rate than those fed the commercial control diet, although no statistical significance was detected in any except for the diatom Melosira sp. The elevated survival rate was concomitant with a higher phagocytosis rate and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the immune response analysis, and significantly a higher astaxanthin content detected in the tail muscle of microalgae diet‐fed prawns (5.36–10.78 ng of astaxanthin per gram of muscle DW). These findings demonstrated that low‐inclusion microalgal additives in prawn diets over a short feeding period (4 weeks) can result in healthier adult prawn, and hence could contribute to the development of an optimized feeding strategy for prawn aquaculture close to harvesting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient efficacy of microalgae as aquafeed additives for the adult black tiger prawn,Penaeus monodon

Xiao

Mangott

et al. 2015

Aquac Res

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“…Also, El-Sherif (2001) revealed that dry matter contents had ranged between 23.81 and 24.33% and differences due to stocking density (25 and 50L/L) were insignificant for the juvenile M. rosenbergii. On the other hand, Alava and Pascual (1987) and Sarac et al (1994) found that the crude protein content of dry prawn bodies was 61.8-75.8% for the juvenile Penaeus monodon and 62.1 -67.8% for the juvenile Metapenaeus monoceros, respectively. The differences in body composition could be attributed to several factors such as variations in species, age, molting cycle and available nutrients in diets.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Prawn Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF INITIAL BODY WEIGHT AND STOCKING DENSITY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF FRESHWATER PRAWN (M. rosenbergii) POST-LARVAE AND JUVENILES

2008

Egyptian Journal of Animal Production

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Freshwater prawn-postlarvae, M. rosenbergii averaging 0.04 ± 0.001g in weight [Experiment 1] were reared for 90day at four stocking densities (200, 400, 800 and 1200 prawn /m 2 ) using 12 circular fiberglass tanks (0.36 m 2 and 0.6 m water depth). Prawns were fed a manufactured diet containing 35% crude protein. Different growth measurements of prawn were recorded at 15 days intervals. The results showed that growth performance was significantly (P≤ 0.05) decreased with increasing the stocking density. Survival rate was inversely related to stocking densities, since there were significant differences among the four densities. The food conversion ratio "FCR" increased with increasing stocking density, the differences were significant among the four densities.In the second experiment freshwater prawn-juveniles, M. rosenbergii averaging 0.30 ± 0.02g in weight were cultured for 90 days, with different stocking densities (50, 100, 150 and 200 prawn /m 2 ) using the same method as in first experiment. The results showed that growth performance was significantly (P≤ 0.05) decreased with increasing the stocking density. Survival rate was inversely related to stocking density, since there were significant differences among the four densities, while the difference between stocking density of 50 and 100 prawn /m 2 -was not significant. The food conversion ratio "FCR" increased with increasing the stocking densities, since the fourth density (200 prawn /m 2 ) was significantly higher than that achieved in the first one (50 prawn /m 2 ). Increasing stocking density resulted in increasing carcass protein and ash content, while carcass fat and dry matter content decreased but differences were not significant.Therefore, it could be concluded that monoculture of freshwater prawn juveniles (average weight 0.3g & stocking density 50 prawn/m 2 ) and postlarvae (average weight 0.04g & stocking density 200 prawn/m 2 ) were more suitable to carry out for optimum growth performance and survival rate.

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“…Beyond the increased energy demand, exuviation may represent a net nutrient loss in terms of protein, carbohydrate and minerals (Sarac et al, 1994). During premoult substages, D2-D3-D4 nutrient reserves reach depletion, that is, ca.…”

Section: Factors That Affect Moultingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protein content in exuvia is reported as 12% dry weight. Main amino acids composing exuvia (and possibly lost with it) are reported in the following order of importance according to content: glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, alanine, proline, phenylalanine, arginine, valine, leucine and threonine (Sarac et al, 1994).…”

Section: Major Physiological and Compositional Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moult‐specific nutrient requirements in shrimp are a rather scarce topic though the added physiological demand for minerals, protein and energy in moulting (Koshio & Davis, 2011). The fundamental role of protein and amino acids in discontinuous growth dynamics, either by catabolic or by anabolic processes, and losses, has to be attended via feed and natural food (Sarac et al, 1994). In mud crab larvae (megalopa, Scylla serrata ), high dietary cholesterol level is recommended due to shortened moulting interval in this larval stage (Kumar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Some Key Elements For Successful Moultingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moulting in the grow‐out of farmed shrimp: a review

Lemos

Weissman²

2020

Reviews in Aquaculture

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The importance of moulting for growth in farmed shrimp is reviewed in relation to the physiological cycle, induction triggers, behavioural and compositional changes, elements for successful moulting and potential strategies for moulting management. Successful ecdysis is also dependent on pond water quality, health and nutritional status. The stages in the moulting cycle are as follows: premoult, the preparation period for moulting that comprises the longest period in the cycle and includes accumulation of nutrient reserves; post-moult, short and crucial stage for shrimp recovery after moulting; and intermoult, when feeding is continuous and most of growth occurs. The ecdysis is very rapid and mainly dependent on suitable physiological status of individuals. Up to 10% of the whole shrimp moulting cycle may rely on body nutrient reserves, once feeding is decreased or ceased (premoult and post-moult). Moulting is started by hormonal increments in haemolymph, 20-hydroxyecdysone and methyl farnesoate, which are found similar in insects. Beyond health and nutrition, proper environmental conditions such as good water quality are essential for successful moulting, hardening of exoskeleton and rapid growth. Moulting prediction and management may result in significant feed savings in pond farming and potential effects of, for example, moon phases and stressors have to be further considered. The complex nature of moulting in shrimp, including different sorts of endocrine regulation and environmental stimuli, suggests it is difficult to be precisely controlled in farmed populations. Moulting physiology of shrimp is discussed in relation to some farming practices.

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Relationships between the weight and chemical composition of exuvia and whole body of the black tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Nutrient efficacy of microalgae as aquafeed additives for the adult black tiger prawn,Penaeus monodon

Nutrient efficacy of microalgae as aquafeed additives for the adult black tiger prawn,Penaeus monodon

EFFECT OF INITIAL BODY WEIGHT AND STOCKING DENSITY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF FRESHWATER PRAWN (M. rosenbergii) POST-LARVAE AND JUVENILES

Moulting in the grow‐out of farmed shrimp: a review

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