Relationships between Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers and Meat Quality Traits of Duroc Breeding Stocks in Korea

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the relationships of five intragenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers (protein kinase adenosine monophosphate-activated γ3 subunit [PRKAG3], fatty acid synthase [FASN], calpastatin [CAST], high mobility group AT-hook 1 [HMGA1], and melanocortin-4 receptor [MC4R]) and meat quality traits of Duroc breeding stocks in Korea. A total of 200 purebred Duroc gilts from 8 sires and 40 dams at 4 pig breeding farms from 2010 to 2011 reaching market weight (110 kg) were slaughtered and their carcasses were chilled overnight. Longissimus dorsi muscles were removed from the carcass after 24 h of slaughter and used to determine pork properties including carcass weight, backfat thickness, moisture, intramuscular fat, pH24h, shear force, redness, texture, and fatty acid composition. The PRKAG3, FASN, CAST, and MC4R gene SNPs were significantly associated with the meat quality traits (p<0.003). The meats of PRKAG3 (A 0.024/G 0.976) AA genotype had higher pH, redness and texture than those from PRKAG3 GG genotype. Meats of FASN (C 0.301/A 0.699) AA genotype had higher backfat thickness, texture, stearic acid, oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid than FASN CC genotype. While the carcasses of CAST (A 0.373/G 0.627) AA genotype had thicker backfat, and lower shear force, palmitoleic acid and oleic acid content, they had higher stearic acid content than those from the CAST GG genotype. The MC4R (G 0.208/A 0.792) AA genotype were involved in increasing backfat thickness, carcass weight, moisture and saturated fatty acid content, and decreasing unsaturated fatty acid content in Duroc meat. These results indicated that the five SNP markers tested can be a help to select Duroc breed to improve carcass and meat quality properties in crossbred pigs.

Genetic Marker Discovery in Complex Traits: A Field Example on Fat Content and Composition in Pigs

“…It plays a central role in energy homeostasis and somatic growth by promoting satiety, energy expenditure and weight loss [49]. Several fat depots are affected by the c.1426A>G mutation, including IMF content, in Duroc [50,51] and Pietrain [52] but not in Duroc × Iberian pigs [53]. Similarly, a 5′UTR SNP polymorphism in the FABP3 is also associated to fat deposition in muscle and carcass in Yorkshire [54] while mutations in the promoter, although only in Large White and not in Duroc and Piétrain, are specifically associated to IMF [55].…”

Genome‐wide association studies for two exterior traits in Chinese Dongxiang spotted pigs

“…In humans, many diseases have been closely related to dysfunctions of HMGA1 , such as myocardial infarction (De Rosa et al., ) and endometrial cancer (Han, Cao, Wang, & Zhu, ). In pigs, HMGA1 variants have been associated with growth and fatness traits (Qiao et al., ), meat quality traits (Choi et al., ) and exterior traits (Wang et al., ). We thus suspect that HMGA1 may have pleiotropic effects on multiple phenotypic traits, including facial features.…”

Research Article Association of MC4R, FABP3 and DGAT1 gene polymorphisms with reproductive traits in two domestic pig lines

“…However, lines present in pig farms currently have low feed intake during the lactation period, which may lead to worsening of body conditions, compromising ovulation and the onset of the next oestrus cycle. Growth and carcass traits are important in the pig industry, and the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene expressed in the nervous system is responsible for the regulation of food intake, energy balance and body weight (Choi et al, 2016). Fan et al (2009) identified variation in the porcine MC4R gene the SNP p.Asp298Asn influences growth rate over the pigs lifetime, while the SNP p.Arg236His appears to impact on growth rate after weaning (in this case when fed ad libitum at the fastest-growing stage) in em pigs Berkshire and Yorkshire (B • Y) intercross breed resource family.…”