Relationships between positive psychological constructs and health outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review

DuBois, Christina M.; Lopez, Oriana Vesga; Beale, Eleanor E.; Healy, Brian C.; Boehm, Julia K.; Huffman, Jeff C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.121

Cited by 158 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…Across studies SWB and health and longevity are often, but not always related. For instance, DuBois et al (2015) reported that in 65% of the studies they reviewed a significant association was found after adjusting for one or more covariates. Thus, in about one-third of the studies a significant association was not found, and this raises the issue of moderation.…”

Section: Moderatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

If, Why, and When Subjective Well-Being Influences Health, and Future Needed Research

Diener¹

2017

Preprint

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We review evidence on whether subjective well-being (SWB) can influence health, why it might do so, and what we know about the conditions where this is more or less likely to occur. This review also explores how various methodological approaches inform the study of the connections between subjective well-being and health and longevity outcomes. Our review of this growing literature indicates areas where data are substantial and where much more research is needed. We conclude that SWB can sometimes influence health, and review a number of reasons why it does so. A key open question is when it does and does not do so -in terms of populations likely to be affected, types of SWB that are most influential (including which might be harmful), and types of health and illnesses that are most likely to be affected. We also describe additional types of research that are now much needed in this burgeoning area of interest, for example, cross-cultural studies, animal research, and experimental interventions designed to raise long-term SWB and assess the effects on physical health. This research area is characterized both by potentially extremely important findings, and also by pivotal research issues and questions.

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Section: Moderatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

If, Why, and When Subjective Well-Being Influences Health, and Future Needed Research

Diener¹

2017

Preprint

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“…An emerging body of research has suggested that various facets of positive psychological well-being are associated with better health outcomes (3). In particular, dispositional optimismthe generalized expectation that good things will happenhas been linked with reduced risks of chronic health conditions, especially vascular factors and disease (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Importantly, although optimism is approximately 25% heritable (11), initial (albeit short-term) randomized trials have suggested that it can be modified using fairly accessible tools (12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, research on optimism and long-term health to date is limited, with the most rigorous work primarily evaluating associations with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). A key question is whether optimism may be related to broader health outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimism and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study

Kim¹,

Hagan²,

Grodstein³

et al. 2016

Am. J. Epidemiol.

166

149

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Growing evidence has linked positive psychological attributes like optimism to a lower risk of poor health outcomes, especially cardiovascular disease. It has been demonstrated in randomized trials that optimism can be learned. If associations between optimism and broader health outcomes are established, it may lead to novel interventions that improve public health and longevity. In the present study, we evaluated the association between optimism and cause-specific mortality in women after considering the role of potential confounding (sociodemographic characteristics, depression) and intermediary (health behaviors, health conditions) variables. We used prospective data from the Nurses' Health Study (n = 70,021). Dispositional optimism was measured in 2004; allcause and cause-specific mortality rates were assessed from 2006 to 2012. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we found that a higher degree of optimism was associated with a lower mortality risk. After adjustment for sociodemographic confounders, compared with women in the lowest quartile of optimism, women in the highest quartile had a hazard ratio of 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.66, 0.76) for all-cause mortality. Adding health behaviors, health conditions, and depression attenuated but did not eliminate the associations (hazard ratio = 0.91, 95% confidence interval: 0.85, 0.97). Associations were maintained for various causes of death, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease, and infection. Given that optimism was associated with numerous causes of mortality, it may provide a valuable target for new research on strategies to improve health. health psychology; optimism; psychological well-being; resilience Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MET, metabolic equivalent of task.

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“…• Positive psychological variables Positive psychological well-being improves the outcome in terms of quality of life and disease management [133,134].…”

Section: Moderate Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Best practice in psychological activities in cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation: Position Paper

Angelino

Porta

Abatello

et al. 2018

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis

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Recent guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention suggest multimodal behavioral interventions for psychosocial risk factors and referral for psychotherapy in the case of clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety overall. Accordingly, psychologists of the Italian Association for Cardiovascular Prevention, Rehabilitation and Epidemiology (GICR-IACPR) have reviewed the key components of psychological activities in cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation (CPR). The aim of this study was to elaborate a position paper on the best practice in routine psychological activities in CPR based on efficacy, effectiveness and sustainability. The steps followed were: i) a review of the latest international guidelines and position papers; ii) analysis of the evidence-based literature; iii) a qualitative analysis of the psychological services operating in some reference Italian cardiac rehabilitation facilities; iv) classification of the psychological activities in CPR as low or high intensity based on the NICE Guidelines on psychological interventions on anxiety and depression. We confirm the existence of an association between depression, anxiety, social factors, stress, personality and illness onset/outcome and coronary heart disease. Evidence for an association between depression, social factors and disease outcome emerges particularly for chronic heart failure. Some positive psychological variables (e.g., optimism) are associated to illness outcome. Evidence is reported on the impact of psychological activities on 'new' conditions which are now indicated for cardiac rehabilitation: pulmonary hypertension, grown-up congenital heart, end-stage heart failure, implantable cardioverter-defribrillator and mechanical ventricular assist devices, frail and oldest-old patients, and end-of-life care. We also report evidence related to caregivers. The Panel divided evidence-based psychological interventions into: i) low intensity (counseling, psycho-education, self-care, self-management, telemedicine, self-help); or ii) high intensity (individual, couples and/or family and group psychotherapy, such as stress management). The results show that psychotherapy is mainly consisting of cognitive-behavior therapy, interpersonal therapy, and short-term psycho-dynamic therapy. The current data further refine the working tools available for psychological activities in CPR, giving clear directions about the choice of interventions, which should be evidence-based and have at least a minimum standard. This document provides a comprehensive update on new knowledge and new paths for psychologists working in the CPR settings.

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Relationships between positive psychological constructs and health outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review

Cited by 158 publications

References 82 publications

If, Why, and When Subjective Well-Being Influences Health, and Future Needed Research

If, Why, and When Subjective Well-Being Influences Health, and Future Needed Research

Optimism and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study

Best practice in psychological activities in cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation: Position Paper

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