Relationships between Long-Term Ozone Exposure and Allergic Rhinitis and Bronchitic Symptoms in Chinese Children

Zhou, Peien; Qian, Zhengmin; McMillin, Stephen Edward; Vaughn, Michael G.; Xie, Zhong Yue; Xu, Yuehua; Lin, Li; Hu, Li; Yang, Bo; Zeng, Xiao Wen; Zhang, Wangjian; Liu, Ru Qing; Chen, Gongbo; Dong, Guang‐Hui

doi:10.3390/toxics9090221

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…T lymphocytes develop and mature in the thymus, a prerequisite for the normal cellular immunity [1]. Positive selection is a crucial step in the maturation of immature double-positive (DP) T cells expressing diverse TCRs into MHC-restricted single-positive (SP) T cells [2,3]. Multiple activation signals are responsible for the differentiation and selection of T cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD226 knockout reduces the development of CD8+ T by impairing the TCR sensitivity of double‐positive thymocytes

Liu

Duan

et al. 2022

Immunology

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The costimulation molecule CD226 is widely involved in T cell differentiation, activation and immune functional regulation in peripheral immune tissues. CD226‐deficient mice have impaired immune response capacity. The function of CD226 in regulating T cell development in the thymus, a central immune organ, is not yet fully understood. We investigated the development of thymocytes using CD226 knockout mice and single‐cell sequencing techniques. CD226 began to be expressed in the second half of thymocyte development, with a gradual increase from the double‐positive (DP) to single‐positive (SP) phase and higher levels of CD226 on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells from the SP phase to mature T cells. In the thymus of CD226KO mice, the proportion of DPT at the quiescent phase (DPT‐Q) increased, of which the Gzma+ cluster that tends to be CD8+ T cells and CD5+ cluster that is undergoing positive selection decreased dramatically. Afterward, the proportion of mature CD8+ T cells reduced dramatically. Depletion of CD226 impaired TCR activation signalling and diminished AKT/ERK/NF‐κB/p38 phosphorylation levels. The diminished TCR responsiveness of DPT cells impeded their positive selection process and influenced the maturation of CD8+ T cells. In mechanism, CD226 knockout enhanced DPT cell apoptosis via impairing AKT phosphorylation. These results suggest that CD226 plays a significant role in T cell thymic development via modulation of TCR signalling, affecting CD8+ T cell maturation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD226 knockout reduces the development of CD8+ T by impairing the TCR sensitivity of double‐positive thymocytes

Liu

Duan

et al. 2022

Immunology

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Ambient air pollutants increase the risk of immunoglobulin E–mediated allergic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang

Chu

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases, including eczema, atopic dermatitis (AD), and allergic rhinitis (AR), have increased prevalence in recent decades. Recent studies have proved that environmental pollution might have correlations with IgE-mediated allergic diseases, but existing research findings were controversial. Thus, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis from published observational studies to evaluate the risk of long-term and short-term exposure to air pollutants on eczema, AD, and AR in the population (per 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 and PM 10 ; per 1-ppb increase in SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, and O 3 ). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify qualified literatures. The Cochran Q test was used to assess heterogeneity and quantified with the I 2 statistic. Pooled effects and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate outcome effects. A total of 55 articles were included in the study. The results showed that long-term and shortterm exposure to PM 10 increased the risk of eczema (PM 10 , RR long = 1.583, 95% CI: 1.328, 1.888; RR short = 1.006, 95% CI: 1.003-1.008) and short-term exposure to NO 2 (RR short = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.008-1.011) was associated with eczema. Short-term exposure to SO 2 (RR short : 1.008, 95% CI: 1.001-1.015) was associated with the risk of AD. For AR, PM 2.5 (RR long = 1.058, 95% CI: 1.014-1.222) was harmful in the long term, and short-term exposure to PM 10 (RR short : 1.028, 95% CI: 1.008-1.049) and NO 2 (RR short : 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007-1.029) were risk factors. The findings indicated that exposure to air pollutants might increase the risk of IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Further studies are warranted to illustrate the potential mechanism for air pollutants and allergic diseases.

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Intraday exposure to ambient ozone and emergency department visits among children: a case-crossover study in southern China

Ren

Zhu

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Relationships between Long-Term Ozone Exposure and Allergic Rhinitis and Bronchitic Symptoms in Chinese Children

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

CD226 knockout reduces the development of CD8+ T by impairing the TCR sensitivity of double‐positive thymocytes

CD226 knockout reduces the development of CD8+ T by impairing the TCR sensitivity of double‐positive thymocytes

Ambient air pollutants increase the risk of immunoglobulin E–mediated allergic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Intraday exposure to ambient ozone and emergency department visits among children: a case-crossover study in southern China

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