Relationships between levels of lysozyme, lactoferrin, salivary peroxidase, and secretory immunoglobulin A in stimulated parotid saliva

Abstract

Recent studies suggest that salivary lysozyme (Lz), lactoferrin (Lf), peroxidase (Spx), and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) may interact in a common antimicrobial system. A multiple protein approach therefore may be needed to determine the role of this system in oral health and ecology. In the present study we investigate the relationships between levels of Lz, Lf, Spx, and sIgA (adjusted for flow rate and total protein) in stimulated parotid saliva from 44 dental students. Principal components analysis was used to determine major patterns of intercorrelation between variables; cluster analysis was used to identify groups of subjects with similar salivary profiles for Lz, Lf, Spx, and sIgA. Spx tended to vary independently of Lz and Lf, which, in turn, tended to vary together. sIgA showed a weak negative relationship with Spx and a weak positive relationship with Lz and Lf. Six major clusters of subjects with similar antimicrobial protein profiles were found. These were significantly different at P < 0.0001. Spx was the most important determinant of cluster membership followed (in order of importance) by Lz, Lf, and sIgA. Cluster profiles were Spx

Immunoglobulin free light chains in saliva: a potential marker for disease activity in multiple sclerosis

“…In this case, 1Á25 ll of supernatant (used for sample preparation) was optimal for the intensity measurements within the linearity range. [23][24][25]. In addition, we have measured total protein concentration in 55 saliva samples (of 19 active MS patients, 22 patients in remission and 14 healthy individuals) by using the pyrogallol red-molybdate complex method [20] (data not shown).…”

Increased salivary immunoglobulin A and reduced α‐amylase activity in whole saliva from spastic cerebral palsy individuals

“…As a-amylase and SIgA are important for the protection of oral health, the aim of the study was to evaluate the secretion rate and concentration (SIgA) or activity (a-amylase) of these glycoproteins in whole saliva from spastic CP individuals. A report demonstrated that IgA concentration correlates positively with total protein concentration and negatively with salivary flow rate (23). As CP present a reduction of salivary flow rate and increased total protein concentration (7), the hypothesis of the study was to find an increase in the concentration and secretion rate of SIgA in CP individuals.…”

Do Salivary Antibodies Reliably Reflect Both Mucosal and Systemic Immunity?

“…"Unstimulated" parotid secretion thus contains at least three times more IgA than the stimulated counterpart, 23,28 and a similar proportional difference has been reported for whole saliva. 29 Some investigators have tried to avoid this problem by reporting salivary IgA related to total protein or albumin, but this will also be misleading because the secretory response of individual parotid proteins is quite different, with large individual variations, 23,24,30 and the salivary level of albumin will depend on leakage from serum in a manner similar to IgG and monomeric IgA (FIG. 1).…”