Relationships between inhalable and total hexavalent chromium exposures in steel passivation, welding and electroplating operations of Ontario

Shaw, Lorraine; Shaw, Don S.; Hardisty, Michael; Britz‐McKibbin, Philip; Verma, Dave K.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113601

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) compounds are occupational carcinogens that cause lung, nasal, and sinus cancers (8; 9; 10). Cr (VI) compounds are produced from other airborne forms of Cr industries that use Cr (VI) compounds, such as steel passivation, electroplating, stainless steel welding, and paints production, Crbased pigments, fungicides, and anti-corrosion compounds as a by-product (11). Exposure to Cr during electroplating is a characteristic cause of occupational asthma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Assessment of Total Suspended Particulates and Heavy Metals in Anodizing and Electroplating Surface Treatment Process

Kim

Jung

Yoon

2021

Preprint

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Objective: This study is to evaluate exposure to harmful substances, such as particulate and heavy metals, by considering various factors, in anodizing and electroplating surface treatment process.Methods: Exposure evaluation studies on seven heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Al, and Ba) and total suspended particulates (TSP) were conducted. Heavy metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This study also checked the ventilation volume of the hood with a thermal anemometer. Measurement was conducted for 8 hours and 8 days. The sample number, N, of the heavy metals and TSP was 107. Results: Geometric mean (GM) of TSP during Cr plating process was 6.15(GSD, 3.35) mg/m3. GM of Cr during Cr plating was 1.86(GSD, 6.65) mg/m3. GM of TSP and heavy metals differences were statistically significant for each process and date variation. Average ventilation volume for all hoods ranged from 1.20 to 4.98 m3/s. In the hood 30 cm from bath, ventilation was 0.1 times lower. Increasing ventilation volume of the hood was the most influential factor, followed by machine operation time and workload.Conclusion: The high concentration was due to low ventilation suction flow. We can improve health to reduce exposure by resolving the fundamental cause of risk occurrence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Assessment of Total Suspended Particulates and Heavy Metals in Anodizing and Electroplating Surface Treatment Process

Kim

Jung

Yoon

2021

Preprint

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Synergistic promotion of particulate matter reduction and production performance via adjusting electrochemical reactions in the zinc electrolysis industry

Ma¹,

Jiang²,

Duan³

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

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Heavy particulate matter (PM) pollution and high energy consumption are the bottlenecks of hydrometallurgy, especially in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an urgent need is to explore PM reduction methods with production performance co-benefits. This study presents three PM reduction methods based on controlling operating parameters, i.e., lowering electrolyte temperature, H2SO4 concentration, and current density of the cathode. The optimized conditions were also investigated using the response surface methodology to balance the PM reduction effect and Zn production. The results showed that lowering electrolyte temperature is the most efficient, with an 89.0% reduction in the PM generation flux (GFPM). Reducing H2SO4 concentration led to the minimum side effects on the current efficiency of Zn deposition (CEZn) or power consumption (PC). With the premise of non-deteriorating CEZn and PC, GFPM can be reduced by 86.3% at the optimal condition (electrolyte temperature = 295 K, H2SO4 = 110 g/L, current density = 373 A/m2). In addition, the reduction mechanism was elucidated by comprehensively analyzing bubble characteristics, electrochemical reactions, and surface tension. Results showed that lower electrolyte temperature inhibited the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and compressed gas volume. Lower H2SO4 concentration inhibited the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and reduced electrolyte surface tension. Lower current density inhibited both OER and HER by decreasing the reaction current. The inhibited gas evolutions reduced the microbubbles’ number and size, thereby reducing GFPM. These results may provide energy-efficient PM reduction methods and theoretical hints of exploring cleaner PM reduction approaches for industrial electrolysis.

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Degradation of phthalic acid by anodic oxidation in acidic aqueous solutions with high chromium content using boron-doped diamond anode

Aktaş

Gözmen

Oturan

2022

Separation and Purification Technology

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Relationships between inhalable and total hexavalent chromium exposures in steel passivation, welding and electroplating operations of Ontario

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Exposure Assessment of Total Suspended Particulates and Heavy Metals in Anodizing and Electroplating Surface Treatment Process

Exposure Assessment of Total Suspended Particulates and Heavy Metals in Anodizing and Electroplating Surface Treatment Process

Synergistic promotion of particulate matter reduction and production performance via adjusting electrochemical reactions in the zinc electrolysis industry

Degradation of phthalic acid by anodic oxidation in acidic aqueous solutions with high chromium content using boron-doped diamond anode

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