Relationships between early maladaptive schemas and psychosocial developmental task resolution

Thimm, Jens C.

doi:10.1002/cpp.647

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Related to this matter is the need for future investigations to use measures that differentiate between sources or perpetrators of abuse and neglect. The salience of significant relationships varies across the developmental stages, with the primary caregiver having greater importance in the first year of life, whereas peers and the broader community become more relevant in adolescence (Thimm, 2010b; Young et al, 2003). Bowlby (1969) described children as having a hierarchy of attachment figures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Pilkington

Bishop

Younan

2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Background: Schema Therapy is based on the theory that trauma and neglect in childhood lead to early maladaptive schemas and psychopathology in adulthood. The aim of this review was to evaluate support for this theory by synthesizing the literature on childhood adversity and schemas.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were completed in compliance with PRISMA. PsycInfo, CINAHL and PubMed were searched to identify eligible studies that reported unadjusted association(s) between adverse childhood events and schema scores when participants were 18 years or older. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled effect size of associations between schemas and experiences of childhood adversity.Results: A total of 33 studies met inclusion criteria and provided sufficient data for meta-analyses on childhood experiences relating to toxic frustration of needs (emotional neglect and physical neglect) and trauma and victimization (emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse). Of the 124 meta-analyses, 65 indicated that schemas show small to large correlations with emotional neglect (range: r = .16

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Pilkington

Bishop

Younan

2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…Young, Klosko, and Weishaar (2003) pointed out that EMS begin in early childhood or adolescence and are caused by stable patterns of toxic interactions with significant others, and they emphasized the key roles of EMS in forming the ways in which people think, behave, and relate to others. Empirical researchers have supported the stability of EMS in adulthood with both nonclinical (Cecero, Nelson, & Gillie, 2004) and clinical samples (Thimm, 2010). identified five core domains of EMS: (a) disconnection and rejection, (b) impaired autonomy and performance, (c) impaired limits, (d) other-directedness, and (e) overvigilance and inhibition.…”

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confidence: 98%

Early Maladaptive Schemas as Predictors of Interpersonal Orientation and Peer Connectedness in University Students

Gyesook¹,

Park²,

Jun³

2014

soc behav pers

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In this study we examined whether or not early maladaptive schemas regarding disconnection and rejection influenced peer connectedness of university students in emerging adulthood. We also investigated the mediating role of interpersonal orientation on these relationships. The participants were 304 students at universities in Korea, aged between 18 and 25 years.Results of structural equation modeling demonstrated that the defectiveness/shame schema had an indirect, negative effect on peer connectedness via interpersonal orientation, and the abandonment/instability schema had an indirect, positive influence on peer connectedness. The social isolation/alienation schema negatively and directly affected peer connectedness. Our findings suggest that when a sense of disconnection and rejection develops during childhood and adolescence, individuals show a relatively stable tendency to either avoid or overvalue interpersonal relationships. This may lead to difficulties in establishing peer relationships in emerging adulthood.The transition to adulthood has become more demanding over the past several decades, and emerging adults (those aged 18 to 25 years) are struggling to attain the markers of adulthood, such as completing higher education, settling into a career, and developing social networks and close relationships (Arnett, 2000; SOCIAL

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“…It is well‐established that adverse childhood experiences are precursors to maladaptive schema formation (Lumley & Harkness, 2007; Pilkington et al, 2020; Tezel et al, 2015; Thimm, 2010) and that EMS are associated with an array of negative psychosocial outcomes such as depression (Nicol et al, 2020), intimate partner violence (Hassija et al, 2018; Pilkington, Noonan, et al, 2021), and suicidality (Dale et al, 2010; Pilkington, Younan, & Bishop, 2021). A recent meta‐analysis by Janovsky et al (2020) found that EMS show small to moderate correlations with interpersonal problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental separation or divorce and adulthood attachment: The mediating role of the Abandonment schema

D'Rozario

Pilkington

2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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This study investigated whether the Abandonment schema mediates the relationship between a history of parental separation or divorce and attachment styles in adulthood. Participants (N = 426; M age = 30.78 years) completed online measures, using Qualtrics. Results demonstrated that a history of parental separation or divorce was positively associated with anxious and avoidant attachment styles in adulthood.Mediation analyses revealed that the Abandonment schema mediated these relationships (p < 0.001). This suggests that adults with a history of parental divorce or separation are more likely to report anxious and avoidant attachment styles, and this is partially accounted for by an expectation that they will be abandoned by others.These findings have implications for case formulation and can be used to inform treatment. Schema therapy focused on healing the Abandonment schema could promote attachment security in individuals with a history of parental separation or divorce. For example, limited reparenting (i.e., the therapist seeking to meet the client's unmet emotional needs, within the professional boundaries of the relationship), could be tailored to address the individual's underlying unmet need for security and stability. Further research is needed to advance our understanding of the implications of these findings for treatment.

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Relationships between early maladaptive schemas and psychosocial developmental task resolution

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Early Maladaptive Schemas as Predictors of Interpersonal Orientation and Peer Connectedness in University Students

Parental separation or divorce and adulthood attachment: The mediating role of the Abandonment schema

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