“…Among those implications are a sense of powerlessness (Ronel, 2008), self-blame and guilt (Peter-Hagene & Ullman, 2018), anger and frustration (Allen et al, 2017), loss of trust (Lahav et al, 2020), tendency to revictimization (Brenner et al, 2021), and lack of social recognition (Kirkner & Ullman, 2020). Beyond disrupting psychosocial functioning, sexual trauma has all kinds of devastating implications on survivors’ spirituality, such as negative spiritual coping (i.e., spiritual discontent, fear of punishment, or blaming God for not being a protector), alienation from God, and loss of faith and meaning (Bryant-Davis & Wong, 2013; Walker et al, 2022). Subsequent to these multifaceted implications, survivors experience startling ruptures in their unique identity, values, and beliefs (Gall et al, 2007; Kick & McNitt, 2016), causing them to question their entire meaning system (Park & Gutierrez, 2013).…”