Relationships between changes in leptin and insulin resistance levels in obese individuals following weight loss

Wang, Tsu‐Nai; Chang, Wen Tsan; Chiu, Yu-Wen; Lee, Chun-Ying; Lin, Kun‐Der; Cheng, Y. S.; Su, Yi-Ju; Chung, Hsin‐Fang; Huang, Meng‐Chuan

doi:10.1016/j.kjms.2012.08.041

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The association between the decrease in leptin and the improvement in HOMA-index with CR (see results) was also shown with weight loss in obese patients [34]. Our results therefore indicate that even in mostly lean or slightly overweight subjects a diet-induced decrease in leptin is associated with improved insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Endocrine Determinants of Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion during a Weight Cycle in Healthy Men

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveChanges in insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin secretion occur with perturbations in energy balance and glycemic load (GL) of the diet that may precede the development of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Determinants of changes in IS and insulin secretion with weight cycling in non-obese healthy subjects remain unclear.MethodsIn a 6wk controlled 2-stage randomized dietary intervention 32 healthy men (26±4y, BMI: 24±2kg/m2) followed 1wk of overfeeding (OF), 3wks of caloric restriction (CR) containing either 50% or 65% carbohydrate (CHO) and 2wks of refeeding (RF) with the same amount of CHO but either low or high glycaemic index at ±50% energy requirement. Measures of IS (basal: HOMA-index, postprandial: Matsuda-ISI), insulin secretion (early: Stumvoll-index, total: tAUC-insulin/tAUC-glucose) and potential endocrine determinants (ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, thyroid hormone levels, 24h-urinary catecholamine excretion) were assessed.ResultsIS improved and insulin secretion decreased due to CR and normalized upon RF. Weight loss-induced improvements in basal and postprandial IS were associated with decreases in leptin and increases in ghrelin levels, respectively (r = 0.36 and r = 0.62, p<0.05). Weight regain-induced decrease in postprandial IS correlated with increases in adiponectin, fT3, TSH, GL of the diet and a decrease in ghrelin levels (r-values between -0.40 and 0.83, p<0.05) whereas increases in early and total insulin secretion were associated with a decrease in leptin/adiponectin-ratio (r = -0.52 and r = -0.46, p<0.05) and a decrease in fT4 (r = -0.38, p<0.05 for total insulin secretion only). After controlling for GL associations between RF-induced decrease in postprandial IS and increases in fT3 and TSH levels were no longer significant.ConclusionWeight cycling induced changes in IS and insulin secretion were associated with changes in all measured hormones, except for catecholamine excretion. While leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin seem to be the major endocrine determinants of IS, leptin/adiponectin-ratio and fT4 levels may impact changes in insulin secretion with weight cycling.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01737034

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Endocrine Determinants of Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion during a Weight Cycle in Healthy Men

et al. 2015

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“…This is in agreement with recent studies reporting the strong association of leptin with insulin resistance. 23 In adipocytes, leptin inhibits glucose uptake, impairs lipogenesis, and inhibits lipolysis. 24 But in hepatocytes, leptin triggers insulin-like effects through regulating insulin signalling pathways; thus making the hepatocytes more sensitive to insulin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperleptinemia - an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome in the adult population in Kerala, India

et al. 2016

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INTRODUCTIONLeptin, a 16kDa cytokine hormone secreted by adipocytes in proportion to body fat acts as sensor of the energy balance by influencing appetite.1 Leptin was first identified as the product of a gene designated ob (obese) in laboratory mice.2 Obese humans present with hyperleptinemia as an indicator of leptin resistance which plays a major role in the pathogenesis of obesity. 3Obesity has a central role in the incidence of metabolic syndrome, characterized by a clustering of metabolic abnormalities which leads to increased cardiovascular diseases all-causes morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is greater in obese individuals, but not all obese subjects suffer from metabolic syndrome and non-obese subjects may also be ABSTRACT Background: Hyperleptinemia, associated with obesity which is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Kerala has the highest prevalence of most of the cardio metabolic disorders and risk factors. So we analysed the ability of serum leptin level to predict the risk of developing metabolic syndrome among the adult population in Kerala, India. Methods: The study included 149 men and 155 women in the age group of 20-60years. Anthropometric measurements and Blood pressure were recorded. BMI and WHR were calculated. Fasting blood sample was used to measure serum leptin, insulin, lipid profile and glucose. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were calculated. Baseline characterestics (means ± SEM) of men and women were examined by quartiles of serum leptin levels using ANOVA. The strength of association between leptin and components of metabolic syndrome was expressed as Odds Ratio (OR) using logistic regression analysis. p values <0.05 were considered significant. Results: In men and women, participants in the upper leptin quartiles were more likely to have factors associated with metabolic syndrome including waist circumference, systolic BP, decreased HDL cholesterol etc. Furthermore, those with metabolic syndrome were more likely to be in the upper leptin quartiles. On multivariate binary logistic regression analysis of leptin, the OR was: BMI (OR=3.51), waist circumference (OR=3.14), insulin (OR=4.43), and HOMA-IR (OR=2.4) in men, while in women the association of leptin was strong with abdominal obesity (OR=7.6), insulin (OR=2.8) and Insulin resistance (OR=4.1). Conclusions: Serum leptin levels had a strong association with components of metabolic syndrome, especially abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Elevated leptin level should be taken as a warning sign of metabolic syndrome.

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“… 14 In addition, obesity can alter adipokine production, which regulates body weight, appetite and energy expenditure and modulates IR. For example, leptin, which controls TNF-α production, 15 has been implicated in the modulation of glucose homeostasis and IR; 16 adiponectin, which is the most abundantly secreted protein by white adipose tissue, has a well-known inverse relationship with adiposity and risk of T2DM. Adiponectin is also inversely associated with IR in human populations and some studies have demonstrated that adiponectin exerts an insulin-sensitizing effect; 17 elevated resistin has been shown in obese rodents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of the therapeutic effect of metformin monotherapy with metformin and acupuncture combined therapy on weight loss and insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients

Firouzjaei

Wang

et al. 2016

Nutr & Diabetes

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Objective:Obesity induces insulin resistance (IR), the key etiologic defect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, an incidence of obesity-induced diabetes is expected to decrease if obesity is controlled. Although Metformin is currently one of the main treatment options for T2DM in obese patients, resulting in an average of 5% weight loss, adequate weight control in all patients cannot be achieved with Metformin alone. Thus, additional therapies with a weight loss effect, such as acupuncture, may improve the effectiveness of Metformin.Subjective:We designed this randomized clinical trial (RCT) to compare the effects of Metformin monotherapy with that of Metformin and acupuncture combined therapy on weight loss and insulin sensitivity among overweight/obese T2DM patients, to understand whether acupuncture plus Metformin is a better approach than Metformin only on treating diabetes. To understand whether acupuncture can be an insulin sensitizer and, if so, its therapeutic mechanism.Results:Our results show that Metformin and acupuncture combined therapy significantly improves body weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), resistin, serotonin, free fatty acids (FFAs), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and ceramides.Conclusions:Consequently, Metformin and acupuncture combined therapy is more effective than Metformin only, proving that acupuncture is an insulin sensitizer and is able to improve insulin sensitivity possibly by reducing body weight and inflammation, while improving lipid metabolism and adipokines. As a result, electro-acupuncture (EA) might be useful in controlling the ongoing epidemics in obesity and T2DM.

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Relationships between changes in leptin and insulin resistance levels in obese individuals following weight loss

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Endocrine Determinants of Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion during a Weight Cycle in Healthy Men

Endocrine Determinants of Changes in Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Secretion during a Weight Cycle in Healthy Men

Hyperleptinemia - an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome in the adult population in Kerala, India

Comparative evaluation of the therapeutic effect of metformin monotherapy with metformin and acupuncture combined therapy on weight loss and insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients

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