Relationships between care burden, resilience, and depressive symptoms among the main family caregivers of stroke patients: A cross-sectional study

Fang, Linlin; Dong, Mengyuan; Fang, Wenbo; Zheng, Jiangbin

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.960830

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The positive correlation between depression and caregiving burden, as is proved in this study, has been demonstrated in a number of previous studies (Adelman et al, 2014 ; Seo and Park, 2019 ; Ahmad Zubaidi et al, 2020 ; Fang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety among family caregivers of patients with cancer: An investigation of patient and caregiver factors

et al. 2023

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BackgroundCaring for patients with cancer can result in significant burden, anxiety, and depression among family caregivers, leading to alterations in their mental and physical wellbeing. Evidence on the level of cancer caregivers' burden, depression, anxiety, their role in assisting their patients, and other patient and caregiver factors that play in improving/worsening the outcomes, is limited. This study explored the prevalence of caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety with a focus on the patient and caregiver-related factors among cancer family caregivers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on the population of caregivers of adult patients with cancer in Zanjan, Iran between 2019 and 2020. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) were used to measure outcome variables. Clinical and basic characteristics of the caregivers and patients were also collected. An independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise linear regression were performed using SPSS software version 26.ResultsMean ± standard deviation age of the caregivers (167 men and 133 women) was 40.77 ± 12.56. Of the caregivers, 46.3, 53, and 30.7% showed severe depression, anxiety, and burden, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between ZBI with both BDI [r(298) = 0.19, p < 0.01] and BAI [r(298) = 0.20, p < 0.01]. Caregiving ≥24 months (B = 14.36, p < 0.001), outpatient care setting (B = −12.90, p < 0.001), being retired (B = −12.90, p < 0.001), depression (B = 0.28, p < 0.001), supplemental health insurance (B = −7.79, p < 0.001), being illiterate (B = 7.77, p < 0.01), surgery (B = 8.55, p < 0.01), ECOG1 (B = 4.88, p < 0.01), and patient's age (B = 0.11, p < 0.05) were found to be significant predictors of caregiving burden.ConclusionHigh levels of depression, anxiety, and burden were observed among the caregivers of patients with cancer. These findings underline the importance of paying close attention to the needs and psychological challenges of this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety among family caregivers of patients with cancer: An investigation of patient and caregiver factors

et al. 2023

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“…The overall mean resilience scores of spousal caregivers in this study, across all three time points, were lower than the CD‐RISC scores reported for the general population (80.4 ± 12.8) and primary caregivers (71.8 ± 18.4) by Connor and Davidson (2003). However, the CD‐RISC scores in this study were similar to those found in studies of family caregivers of stroke patients in North China (Fang et al., 2022) and family caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder in South China (Su et al., 2021). These results imply that caregivers reported moderately low resilience at the early stage of a sudden or unexpected serious health event.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Predictors of changes in resilience among spousal caregivers of patients with advanced cancer within the first 6 months after initial treatment

Sun,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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BackgroundWhile previous research has established that resilience is affected by various factors, these studies have primarily focussed on individual variables associated with resilience, without providing insights into how to influence the rate of change in resilience.AimTo examine the trajectory of resilience and identify the factors associated with changes in resilience among spousal caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer receiving treatment during the first 6 months.DesignAn observational longitudinal study.MethodsA total of 312 spousal caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer were recruited from January 2022 to December 2022 in Yancheng, China. Three data collection points were established, spanning from the first month to 6 months after initial cancer treatment. A latent growth model was employed to depict the resilience trajectory at various time points. A latent growth model with time‐invariant covariates was adopted to determine the factors influencing resilience trajectory. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist for proper reporting.ResultsThroughout the follow‐up period, the participants experienced a significant increase in resilience. Gender, family income, the patient's health status, spirituality and belief in familism were significantly associated with the baseline resilience level. Moreover, family income, the patient's health status, spirituality, caregiver burden and belief in familism were significantly associated with the rate of resilience change over time.ConclusionsSpousal caregivers demonstrated a linear increase in resilience during the first 6 months after initial treatment. Meanwhile, changes in resilience were influenced by multiple factors during the early phase of cancer treatment. Thus, more attention should be paid to early identification and implementation of targeted interventions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHealthcare professionals should understand the change in resilience among spousal caregivers and conduct timely mental health interventions to enhance the resilience of families affected by cancer.Patient or Public ContributionThe Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public‐Short Form reporting checklists were used to improve patient and public involvement.

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“…To date, some studies have explored the association between caregiver burden and the severity of patients’ functional deficits ( 24 , 25 ). Yet, few studies have described the impact of depression symptoms on caregiver burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression status and functional outcome of patients with ischemic stroke and the impact on caregivers living in Chengdu: a cross-sectional study

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between risk factors and depression symptoms in ischemic stroke (IS) survivors and the effect of IS survivors’ depression status and functional outcomes on caregiver burden in Chengdu, China.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we recruited a convenience sample of patients with IS and paired caregivers living in Chengdu from February 2022 to May 2022. Depression symptoms were assessed using the 17-item Chinese Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the social support of patients was assessed using the perceived social support scale (PSSS), caregiver burden was assessed using the Zarit burden interview (ZBI). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data between risk factors and depression symptoms, and multiple linear regression models were constructed to examine the depression symptoms and functional outcomes of stroke survivors, and caregiver burden.ResultsIn total, 966 IS survivors and paired caregivers were included in this study. Among IS survivors, 35.51% (343/966) experienced depression. Age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–1.04; p = 0.036], the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.47–1.68; p < 0.001), and PSSS score (aOR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.84–0.89; p < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of depression. The NIHSS score (b = 2.57, p < 0.001), patients’ depression status (b = 2.54, p < 0.001), duration of care (b = 0.359, p = 0.006), and social support of caregivers (b = −0.894, p = 0.038) were significantly associated with the ZBI score.ConclusionThe PSSS score was a major risk factor for the development of depression in IS survivors, and patients’ depression status and severe functional deficits had a negative impact on the ZBI score of the main caregivers. Social support can reduce the ZBI score.

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Relationships between care burden, resilience, and depressive symptoms among the main family caregivers of stroke patients: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 7 publications

References 87 publications

Caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety among family caregivers of patients with cancer: An investigation of patient and caregiver factors

Caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety among family caregivers of patients with cancer: An investigation of patient and caregiver factors

Predictors of changes in resilience among spousal caregivers of patients with advanced cancer within the first 6 months after initial treatment

Depression status and functional outcome of patients with ischemic stroke and the impact on caregivers living in Chengdu: a cross-sectional study

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