Relationships between bone mineral density and new indices of body composition in young, sedentary men and women

Abstract

Introduction. Data concerning the relationship between body fat and BMD are equivocal since both positive and negative effects have been noted. Recently, the index of fat mass (IFM) representing subjects with different body fat and similar lean mass and index of lean mass (ILM) representing subjects with different lean body mass and similar body fat, have been used to evaluate body composition effect on BMD in middle-aged women. This study aimed at determination of ILM and IFM association with BMD in young men and women. Materials and methods. A total of 212 university students of Public Health (125 women and 87 men) participated in the study. Body composition was determined by the bioelectrical impedance method (BIA) using BC 418 MA equipment (Tanita Co., Japan). Fat mass and fat free mass were used to calculate ILM and IFM. Bone mineral density was measured on the wrist of the non-dominant hand using the DEXA method and EXA 3000 equipment (HFS Ltd., Korea). BMD was evaluated using Z-score, with values lower than -2.0 indicating inadequate BMD for subject chronological age. Results. Exclusively in women, IFM was markedly and positively correlated with Z-score (r=0.366, P<0.001). In both genders, a significant relationship was found between ILM and Z-scores (r=0.420; p<0.001 and r=0.220; p<0.02 in men and women, respectively). Women with lower than median IFM but similar ILM, were characterized by significantly lower Z-scores vs. women with higher IFM (-1.016 vs. -0.512; p<0.001). Irrespective of gender, participants with higher ILM but similar IFM, were characterized by markedly higher Z-score vs. their counterparts with low ILM. Conclusions. The use of IFM and ILM in the present study, allowed the observation that in young adults lean body mass was associated with BMD, regardless of gender, while fat mass is significant for bone mineral density only in women.

Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Patterns and Risk of Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle among University Students in Kenya

“…However, the higher body fat percentage among females is attributed to women having a biologically higher percentage of body fat than men. These findings are in line with a study by Kęska et al [ 46 ] conducted among university students who reported a higher mean of fat percentage among females (26.0%) compared with males (15.8%) [ 46 ]. Research in a Croatian university found that females had a higher mean fat percentage (31.8%) than males (22.3%) [ 26 ].…”

Muscle-Bone Interactions in Chinese Men and Women Aged 18–35 Years

“…In contrast, weight, BMI, FM, and BFLBM showed moderate positive significant correlations with spine and hip aBMD, and 4% tibia variables for women. e strong relationship with FM and bone health is similar to the study of Keska et al who reported that FM was significant for BMD in young Polish women [23]. Also, Reddy et al reported that BFLBM was an important determinant of BMD in men, but both BFLBM and FM were important in women aged 20-35 years [24].…”

Association between Visceral Fat and Bone Mineral Density in Both Male and Female Patients with Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency

“…In this study, we found that FM, VATM, and BMD correlated significantly in female AGHD patients, but not in male patients. e association between FM and BMD has been confirmed in several studies [28][29][30]. Moreover, the marked sex differences in the impact of FM on BMD have also been reported previously.…”