Relationships between avian richness and landscape structure at multiple scales using multiple landscapes

Mitchell, Michael S.; Rutzmoser, Scott; Wigley, T. Bently; Loehle, Craig; Gerwin, John A.; Keyser, Patrick D.; Lancia, Richard A.; Perry, Roger W.; Reynolds, Christopher J.; Thill, Ronald E.; Weih, Robert C.; White, Donald L.; Wood, Petra Bohall

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.09.023

Cited by 80 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In this sense, the weak association between species richness and the percentage of monospecific stands is supporting the reported favourable effect of tree diversity at scales smaller than 1 × 1 km. Regarding the type of forest, that is, coniferous or broadleaved species, this seems not to be so determinant for species richness as forest cover or other structural features (see also Mitchell et al, 2006;GilTena et al, 2007). The observed association between coniferous species and forest bird species richness was positive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Characteristics and processes that determine forest bird distribution may also be influencing other forest living organisms (Donald and Fuller, 1998) since birds play a key functional role in forest ecosystems and are often considered good biodiversity indicators (Sekercioglu, 2006). In this sense, apart from the stand scale, previous studies have shown that forest habitat characteristics are related to bird distribution at different spatial scales (Warren et al, 2005;Yamaura et al, 2005;Mitchell et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling bird species richness with neural networks for forest

Gil‐Tena

Vega‐García²,

Brotóns

et al. 2010

For. syst.

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For preserving biodiversity of European-Mediterranean forest ecosystems in current and future scenarios of global change by means of sustainable forest management it is necessary to determine how environment and forest characteristics correlate with biodiversity. For this purpose, neural networks were used to model forest bird species richness as a function of environment and forest structure and composition at the 1 × 1 km scale in Catalonia (NE Spain). Univariate and multivariate models respectively allowed exploring individual variable response and obtaining a parsimonious (ecologically meaningful) and accurate neural network. Forest area (with a canopy cover above 5%), mean forest canopy cover, mean annual temperature and summer precipitation were the best predictors of forest bird species richness. The resultant multivariate network had a good generalization capacity that failed however in the locations with highest species richness. Additionally, those forests with different degrees of canopy closure that were more mature and presented a more diverse tree species composition were also associated with higher bird species richness. This allowed us to provide management guidelines for forest planning in order to promote avian diversity in this European-Mediterranean region.Key words: global change; fires; forest biodiversity; forest landscape composition and structure; forest planning; landscape diversity. ResumenModelización de la riqueza de aves mediante redes neuronales para la gestión forestal a escala de paisaje en el NE de España Para preservar la biodiversidad de los ecosistemas forestales de la Europa mediterránea en escenarios actuales y futuros de cambio global mediante una gestión forestal sostenible es necesario determinar cómo influye el medio ambiente y las propias características de los bosques sobre la biodiversidad que éstos albergan. Con este propósito, se analizó la influencia de diferentes factores ambientales y de estructura y composición del bosque sobre la riqueza de aves forestales a escala 1 × 1 km en Cataluña (NE de España). Se construyeron modelos univariantes y multivariantes de redes neuronales para respectivamente explorar la respuesta individual a las variables y obtener un modelo parsimonioso (ecológicamente interpretable) y preciso. La superficie de bosque (con una fracción de cabida cubierta superior a 5%), la fracción de cabida cubierta media, la temperatura anual y la precipitación estival medias fueron los mejores predictores de la riqueza de aves forestales. La red neuronal multivariante obtenida tuvo una buena capacidad de generalización salvo en las localidades con una mayor riqueza. Además, los bosques con diferentes grados de apertura del dosel arbóreo, más maduros y más diversos en cuanto a su composición de especies arbóreas se asociaron de forma positiva con una mayor riqueza de aves forestales. Finalmente, se proporcionan directrices de gestión para la planificación forestal que permitan promover la diversidad ornítica en esta región de la Europa mediterrá...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling bird species richness with neural networks for forest

Gil‐Tena

Vega‐García²,

Brotóns

et al. 2010

For. syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Simpson, Camargo and Smith & Wilson in evenness and Shannon-Wiener, Brillouin and Simpson in biodiversity. 3,14,15 It is believed that each one of the mentioned criteria may provide meaningful understanding of the wetland's biodiversity changes. The integration of biodiversity monitoring is an essential step in the assessment of the wetland's conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficiency of Indices of Richness, Evenness and Biodiversity in the Investigation of Species Diversity Changes (Case Study: Migratory Water Birds of Parishan International Wetland, Fars Province, Iran)

Goudarzian¹

2017

BIJ

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The species diversity in a region is investigated by the indices (species richness, evenness and biodiversity) and their common methods of measurement (evenness index: Simpson, Camargo and Smith & Wilson; biodiversity index: Shannon-Wiener, Brillouin and Simpson). It is important to know the suitable index and its measurement method to study species diversity. To analyze the efficiency of the indices and their methods and the relationship between them in this research, the migratory aquatic birds in Parishan wetland was studied as biodiversity is better understood for birds than for any other organisms. Results showed that species richness alone cannot be utilized to estimate the species diversity of the study area. On the other hand, there are dissimilarities between the trends of evenness and biodiversity indices. In order to measure evenness index, there was no difference between Simpson and Camargo methods and their correlation was significantly high but Smith & Wilson was unequal to them. In biodiversity index, there also was no difference between Shannon-Wiener and Brillouin methods with significantly high correlation but Simpson was unlike them. This research showed that the application of indices of species diversity and their methods of measurement should be employed due to the purpose of experiment.

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“…The different environmental conditions at the various levels within the canopy creates a wide variety of ecological niches, which in general enables more structurally complex stands to support a higher number of species. For certain groups of organisms such as birds, stand structure is a strong determinant of diversity (Mitchell et al 2006). Through management, such as the application of particular silvicultural systems (Kerr 2009) stand structures can be developed that best meet the mix of objectives for a particular site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anatomy of a woodland: Stand profile diagrams as an aid to problem-based learning in undergraduate forestry education

Leslie¹,

Wilson²

2009

The Forestry Chronicle

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Forestry education is poorly served with published examples of teaching and learning methods that enable students to engage actively with the discipline. This is not the case in other professional disciplines, such as the biology, medicine and engineering, where sub-disciplines have emerged and are devoted to the development and evaluation of optimum learning strategies. In this paper we present a short field-based practical that introduces forestry students to forest stand dynamics, applied forest ecology and silviculture. Students measure a series of tree and stand parameters in 2 contrasting forest types. They then analyze and interpret the data to develop their understanding. Reflective practice is built in by setting questions designed to promote enquiry and the self-identification of future avenues for personal development. The project, as described here, was devised for students at the National School of Forestry, England, but the principles could be applied to almost any learning environment. Planning within curriculum teams would be required to identify the appropriate location for this exercise in specific undergraduate programmes.Key words: forest stand dynamics, silviculture, problem-based learning, reflection, professional education RÉSUMÉLa formation académique en foresterie ne contient que très peu d' exemples de publication portant sur les méthodes d' enseignement et d'apprentissage qui pourraient permettre aux étudiants de s' engager sérieusement dans la discipline. Cela n' est pas le cas dans d'autres disciplines professionnelles, comme la biologie, la médecine et le génie, où se sont dévelop-pés de sous-disciplines consacrées au développement et à l' évaluation de stratégies optimales d'apprentissage. Nous présentons dans cet article un petit exercice pratique réalisé sur le terrain introduisant les étudiants en foresterie à la dynamique des peuplements forestiers, à l' écologie forestière appliquée et à la sylviculture. Les étudiants mesurent un groupe d'arbres et les paramètres de peuplement de deux types forestiers totalement différents. Ils analysent et interprè-tent par la suite les données pour bien comprendre la situation. L'apprentissage itératif s' effectue au moyen de questions conçues pour pousser les recherches et l'identification par la personne des orientations futures de son développement personnel. Le projet, tel que décrit ici a été élaboré pour les étudiants de la National School of Forestry en Angleterre, mais les principes pourraient être appliqués à presque tout environnement d'apprentissage. Une planification de la part de l' équipe chargé du programme de formation serait requise pour identifier l' endroit appropriée pour cet exercice réalisé au cours de certains programmes du baccalauréat.Mots clés : dynamique des peuplements forestiers, sylviculture, apprentissage à partir de cas, réflexion, formation professionnelle

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Relationships between avian richness and landscape structure at multiple scales using multiple landscapes

Cited by 80 publications

References 33 publications

Modelling bird species richness with neural networks for forest

Modelling bird species richness with neural networks for forest

The Efficiency of Indices of Richness, Evenness and Biodiversity in the Investigation of Species Diversity Changes (Case Study: Migratory Water Birds of Parishan International Wetland, Fars Province, Iran)

The anatomy of a woodland: Stand profile diagrams as an aid to problem-based learning in undergraduate forestry education

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