Relationships between along-fault heterogeneous normal stress and fault slip patterns during the seismic cycle: Insights from a strike-slip fault laboratory model

Caniven, Yannick; Dominguez, Stéphane; Soliva, Roger; Peyret, M.; Cattin, Rodolphe; Maerten, Frantz

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.009

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Seismotectonic scale modeling is a cost‐effective method to simulate long earthquake sequences in a fully three‐dimensional, dynamic, and spatiotemporally quasi‐continuous framework (e.g., Caniven et al, , ; Corbi et al, , ; Rosenau et al, , ). Here we recall the basics of the approach and report modifications specific to the present study.…”

Section: Modeling and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronization of Great Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes: Insights From Scale Model Analysis

et al. 2019

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The magnitude of great subduction megathrust earthquakes is controlled mainly by the number of adjacent asperities failing synchronously and the resulting rupture length. Here we investigate experimentally the long-term recurrence behavior of a pair of asperities coupled by static stress transfer over hundreds of seismic cycles. We statistically analyze long (c. 500 ka) time series of M8-9 analogue earthquakes simulated using a seismotectonic scale model approach with two aims: First, to constrain probabilistic measures (frequency-size distribution, variability) useful for hazard assessment and, second, to relate them with geometric observables (coseismic slip pattern, locking pattern). We find that the number of synchronized asperity failures relative to the number of individual asperity failures as well as the coefficients of variation of recurrence intervals and seismic moment scale with the logarithm of stress coupling between the asperities. Accordingly, tighter packed asperities tend to recur more periodically and with a more characteristic magnitude while more distant asperities show clustering of more variable sized events. The probability of synchronized failures seems to be controlled to first order by geometrical relations (i.e., spacing and offset of asperities). The effects of rheological properties are evident but it remains to be explored to which extent they vary in nature and how sensitive the system is to those.

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Section: Modeling and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronization of Great Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes: Insights From Scale Model Analysis

et al. 2019

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“…We examined the critical slip distance D c , the critical nucleation size L c , and the friction rate parameter (a−b). The related theory, definition, and determination of these parameters are detailed in Caniven et al., (2015) and Caniven et al., (2017). The model scaling is correct if D c and L c scale to nature using L * and if (a−b) remains identical between model and nature.…”

Section: Experimental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on feedback from the strike-slip fault model (Caniven et al, 2015(Caniven et al, , 2017, we use a similar multilayered visco-elasto-plastic rheology to reproduce the mechanical behavior of a subduction zone at the lithospheric scale ( Figure 2). The layer simulating the ductile mechanical behavior of the UP lithospheric mantle is constituted by a silicone compound (PDMS-SGM 36, Dow Corning) characterized by a viscosity of 40 kPa.s at room temperature (Rudolf et al, 2016).…”

Section: Experimental Set-up Boundary Conditions and Model Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This choice of rheology appeared as a critical building‐block to simulate visco‐elastic coupling between the layers, postseismic deformation, and far‐field stress transfers. Numerous experiments revealed interesting results, highlighting the role of key parameters on the fault slip patterns and seismic cycle dynamics such as the tectonic loading rate (Caniven, 2014) or the along‐fault normal stress distribution (Caniven et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a Multilayered Analog Model Integrating Crust‐Mantle Visco‐Elastic Coupling to Investigate Subduction Megathrust Earthquake Cycle

Caniven

Dominguez

2021

JGR Solid Earth

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We have developed a scaled analog model of a subduction zone simulating seismic cycle deformation phases. Its rheology is based on multilayered visco‐elasto‐plastic materials to account for the mechanical behavior of a continental lithospheric plate overriding a subducting oceanic plate. The seismogenic zone displays unstable slip behavior, extending at depth into a weak interface with stable slip properties. The model succeeds in reproducing interseismic phases interrupted by coseismic ruptures and followed by after‐slip. The experimental data catalog shows a broad variability of slip events from aseismic slow slips to fast dynamic lab quakes. Results also show the occurrence of both isolated and precursory slow‐slip events arising before the mainshocks. Given the absence of fluids in the model, the broad variability in slip event velocity can be attributed to fault roughness complexity. The model rheology induces also a key visco‐elastic coupling between the elastic overriding plate and the mantle wedge allowing, for the first time, to reproduce experimentally a realistic postseismic visco‐elastic relaxation phase. Preliminary results reveal that the tectonic loading rate modulates this visco‐elastic coupling. A low loading rate weakens it, which increase the amount of storable interseismic elastic deformation, and favors the occurrence of large megathrust events. A high loading rate strengthens it, which minimize the accumulation of interseismic elastic deformation, the slip‐event sizes, and promote aseismic creep. This new scaled‐analog subduction model is a complementary tool to investigate earthquake mechanics and improve the interpretation of geodetic and seismological records.

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“…The failure and instability mechanisms of compound coal‐rock structures with discontinuities have been widely investigated, and frictional slip along discontinuities, especially faults, can directly result in dynamic phenomena, such as rock bursts at the microscale and earthquakes at the macro‐scale . Frictional slip along a discontinuity is controlled by fault strength, normal stress to the discontinuity and shear stress along the discontinuity, as well as the stress distribution and frictional property of the discontinuity, which may relate to the Mohr‐Coulomb theory . As heterogeneous materials, the discontinuities of faults or between rock parting and coal are commonly rough, which may be one of the reasons for stick‐slip accompanied by strain or shear localization, which can also be affected by the variations of slip velocity or normal loading .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slip and instability mechanisms of coal‐rock parting‐coal structure (CRCS) under coupled dynamic and static loading

Liu

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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The slip and instability mechanisms of coal‐rock parting‐coal structure (CRCS) under coupled dynamic and static loading were investigated using theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, and the fracture and instability processes were described by monitoring the displacement, strain, and acoustic emissions (AEs) of coal and rock parting blocks. Based on the parameters of dynamic load, three different effects on slip and instability characteristics of CRCS were presented, and the effect mechanisms of static stress, as well as amplitude and frequency of dynamic stress wave, were analyzed in detail. Finally, the direct effect on the slip and instability strength of CRCS and the frequency range of dynamic load for generating synchronous slip along two discontinuities sandwiched between coal and rock parting blocks were discussed. This work is relevant for early warning coal‐rock dynamic disasters that are triggered by the slip and fracture instability of CRCS under coupled dynamic and static loading in coal mines.

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Relationships between along-fault heterogeneous normal stress and fault slip patterns during the seismic cycle: Insights from a strike-slip fault laboratory model

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Synchronization of Great Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes: Insights From Scale Model Analysis

Synchronization of Great Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes: Insights From Scale Model Analysis

Validation of a Multilayered Analog Model Integrating Crust‐Mantle Visco‐Elastic Coupling to Investigate Subduction Megathrust Earthquake Cycle

Slip and instability mechanisms of coal‐rock parting‐coal structure (CRCS) under coupled dynamic and static loading

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