Relationships between adolescents’ preferred sources of help and emotional distress, ambivalence over emotional expression, and causal attribution of symptoms: a Singapore study

Lee, Boon-Ooi

doi:10.1080/03069880903161393

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“… 19 These beliefs could be related to some youths’ preference for seeking help from Traditional Chinese Medicine physicians. 20 Although participants in these studies also showed beliefs in psychological causes of mental illness and preference for seeking help from mental health professionals, the findings suggest that one’s cultural background may influence one’s views of mental illness. However, stigma and social distance have not been well studied among youths in Singapore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Stigma among Singaporean youth: a cross-sectional study on adolescent attitudes towards serious mental illness and social tolerance in a multiethnic population

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesStigma against mental illnesses is one of the significant obstacles faced by mental health service users and providers. It can develop at a young age and is also influenced by culture. Youths in Southeast Asian countries are under-represented in mental health research, thus this study aims to explore the dimensions of stigma and social tolerance and examine its correlates in the younger, multiethnic population of Singapore.DesignAn online survey collected data with sociodemographic questions, the Attitudes Towards Serious Mental Illness (Adolescent version) Scale, Social Tolerance Scale and an open-text question on words or phrases participants associated with the term ‘mental illness’. Principal component analysis and multiple regression models were conducted to investigate the factor structure of the attitudes and social tolerance scales and their sociodemographic correlates.ParticipantsParticipants included 940 youths aged 14–18 years old who were residing in Singapore at the time of the survey and were recruited through local schools.ResultsAbout a quarter of the students (22.6%) reported participating in mental health awareness campaigns while nearly half (44.5%) associated pejorative words and phrases with the term mental illness. The Attitudes Towards Serious Mental Illness (Adolescent version) Scale yielded five factors while the Social Tolerance Scale yielded two. Ethnicity, gender and nationality were significantly correlated with factors of both scales. Chinese youths showed higher sense of ’physical threat' and lower ’social tolerance' than those of other ethnicities. Females showed more ’wishful thinking', ’social concern' and ’social responsibility' towards the mentally ill than males.ConclusionsThe dimensions of stigma and social tolerance are different in Asian cultures compared with Western cultures. Sociodemographic differences in attitudes towards the mentally ill were found among youths living in Singapore. Misconceptions and negative attitudes towards mental illness are common, demonstrating a clear need for effective stigma reduction campaigns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Stigma among Singaporean youth: a cross-sectional study on adolescent attitudes towards serious mental illness and social tolerance in a multiethnic population

et al. 2017

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“…The researcher found two psychological (humanistic and cognitive-behavioural), one physiological (including Asian physiological explanations) and two supernatural (karmaic, Asian religious beliefs and classical religious beliefs) factors. Another study of local youths showed that belief in physiological causation was associated with preference for Traditional Chinese Medicine physicians and medical doctors, while belief in psychosocial causes was associated with preference for mental health professionals (Lee, 2008). While these two local studies revealed some of the causal beliefs of mental illness, a significant proportion of the Singaporean population, including adults, Malays and Indians are underrepresented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Singaporean public beliefs about the causes of mental illness: results from a multi-ethnic population-based study

Pang

Subramaniam

Lee

et al. 2017

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims. To identify the common causal beliefs of mental illness in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian community and describe the sociodemographic associations to said beliefs. The factor structure to the causal beliefs scale is explored. The causal beliefs relating to five different mental illnesses (alcohol abuse, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), dementia and schizophrenia) and desire for social distance are also investigated.Methods. Data from 3006 participants from a nationwide vignette-based study on mental health literacy were analysed using factor analysis and multiple logistic regression to address the aims. Participants answered questions related to sociodemographic information, causal beliefs of mental illness and their desire for social distance towards those with mental illness.Results. Physical causes, psychosocial causes and personality causes were endorsed by the sample. Sociodemographic differences including ethnic, gender and age differences in causal beliefs were found in the sample. Differences in causal beliefs were shown across different mental illness vignettes though psychosocial causes was the most highly attributed cause across vignettes (endorsed by 97.9% of respondents), followed by personality causes (83.5%) and last, physical causes (37%). Physical causes were more likely to be endorsed for OCD, depression and schizophrenia. Psychosocial causes were less often endorsed for OCD. Personality causes were less endorsed for dementia but more associated with depression.

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“…Ambivalence is characterized in the psychological literature as “overlapping approach-avoidance tendencies, manifested behaviorally, cognitively, or affectively, and directed toward a given person, experience, or other object, as well as toward a set of objects” (Sincoff, 1990, p. 44). Studies have indeed pointed to ambivalence as being linked to low motivation to seek help (e.g., Lee, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Processes underlying ambivalence in help‐seeking: The loss of valued control model.

Schauman¹,

Mansell²

2012

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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A substantial proportion of people who are referred to therapy either do not attend their initial appointments or drop out early on. This problem indicates ambivalence toward attending therapy in the population suffering from mental health problems. We review the factors thought to underlie this problem. A new integrative framework, termed the loss of valued control model, is presented. This model draws on the principles of perceptual control theory and provides a processfocused view that integrates the barriers to therapy under a common control process. Our article divides the model into three core components and thereafter provides empirical evidence in support of the model, as well as suggestions of how the model can be used to inform clinical practice and future research.

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Relationships between adolescents’ preferred sources of help and emotional distress, ambivalence over emotional expression, and causal attribution of symptoms: a Singapore study

Cited by 10 publications

References 76 publications

Stigma among Singaporean youth: a cross-sectional study on adolescent attitudes towards serious mental illness and social tolerance in a multiethnic population

Stigma among Singaporean youth: a cross-sectional study on adolescent attitudes towards serious mental illness and social tolerance in a multiethnic population

The Singaporean public beliefs about the causes of mental illness: results from a multi-ethnic population-based study

Processes underlying ambivalence in help‐seeking: The loss of valued control model.

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