RELATIONSHIPS AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF 137Cs IN LICHEN, REINDEER AND MAN IN NORTHERN SWEDEN 1961–1965

Lidén, K.; Gustafsson, Monica

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-012122-2.50025-6

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Recognizing the importance of radiocesium in radiation dosimetry, investigators have focused considerable attention on fallout radiocesium and its movement in the subarctic and arctic food chain, especially the fallout to lichen to caribou/reindeer to human/wolf food chain (Baarli et al, 1961; Palmer et al, 1963; Liden and Gustafson, 1967; Miettinen and Hasanen, 1967; Hanson, 1967Hanson, , 1982 Skogland, 1987).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Radiocesium in Subarctic and Arctic Alaska Following Chernobyl

Baskaran¹,

Kelley²,

Naidu³

et al. 1991

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Radiocesium ('34Cs and '37Cs) concentrations were measured in soil, plant and wildlife samples from subarctic to arctic Alaska. Concentrations of 13'Cs ranged from below detectable or low levels in whale and fish samples to as high as 242 Bqkg in lichen. For all potential human food items, the radiocesium concentrations measured in this study were below accepted permissible levels for human consumption. Chemobyl-derived radiocesium concentrations ranged from below detectable or low levels in all arctic samples (soil, sediment, lichen, whale, fish and caribou) to 32 Bqkg in subarctic moss. Therefore the distribution and subsequent deposition of Chemobyl-derived radiocesium appears to be variable but decreasing significantly from the Subarctic (Fairbanks) to the Arctic. The present data support the suggestion that Chemobyl-derived debris arrived from westem Canada into central Alaska and subsequently moved to the north (arctic) and to the west, decreasing in the quantity deposited as the debris transversed the state.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Radiocesium in Subarctic and Arctic Alaska Following Chernobyl

Baskaran¹,

Kelley²,

Naidu³

et al. 1991

ARCTIC

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“…The biological half-times (T bio ) of the airborne radioactive elements in the epigeic (or terricolous, i.e., ground growing) lichens have been estimated to vary widely from about 1 to 17 years, depending on species, contamination source, environmental and ecological conditions (Hanson, 1967;Hanson et al, 1967;Lidén and Gustafsson, 1967;Miettinen, 1967;Miettinen and Häsänen, 1967;Mattsson, 1975a;Ellis and Smith, 1987;Eriksson et al, 1991;Roos et al, 1991;Gaare and Staaland, 1994;Heinrich et al, 1999;Synnott et al, 2000;Golikov et al, 2004). Such pronounced interception and retention of airborne radionuclides (especially radiocaesium) in reindeer lichens was explained by (1) a prolonged (tens of years) growth period of these organisms in combination with a slow increase in their biomass (e.g., only 3 mm in thickness annually), (2) a large absorption surface (ten to hundred times that of annual grass crops, per unit dry weight) due to the presence of microscopic mycelium, (3) the internal cycling of radionuclides within the tissues of the lichen, and (4) resorption of contamination from the substrate over which the lichens are growing (Hanson, 1967;Nevstrueva et al, 1967;Ramzaev et al, 1970Ramzaev et al, , 1993Troitskaya et al, 1971;Mattsson, 1975a;Whicker and Pinder, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

137Cs and 90Sr in live and dead reindeer lichens (genera Cladonia) from the “Kraton-3” underground nuclear explosion site

Рамзаев

Mishine

Кадука

et al. 2007

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…These northern regions were shown to have unique radioecological processes by several investigators (59,60).…”

Section: Cesium-137mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Radionuclides by Plants as a Monitor System

Koranda¹,

Robison²

1978

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The accumulation of radionuclides by plants acting as a monitoring system in the environment may occur by two modes; foliar absorption by the leaves and shoot ofthe plant, or by root uptake from the soil. Data on plant accumulation of radionuclides may be obtained from studies of fission product radionuclides deposited as worldwide fallout, and from tracer studies of plant physiology.The epidermal features of plant foliage may exert an effect upon particle retention by leaves, and subsequent uptake of radionuclHdes from the surface. The transport of radionuclides across the cuticle and epidermis of plant leaves is determined in part by the anatomy of the leaf, and by physiological factors.The foliar uptake of fallout radionuclides, "'Sr, 131I, and 137Cs, is described with examples from the scientific literature. The environmental half-life of 131I, for example, is considerably shorter than its physical half-life because of physical and biological factors which may produce a half-life as short as 0.23/day. 9'Sr and 137Cs are readily taken up by the leaf, but '37Cs undergoes more translocation into fruit and seeds than "°Sr which tends to remain in the plant part in which it was initially absorbed.Soil-root uptake is conditioned primarily by soil chemical and physical factors which may selectively retain a radionuclide, such as '37Cs. The presence of organic matter, inorganic colloids (clay), and competing elements will strongly affect the uptake of 9°Sr and 137Cs by plants from the soil.The role of plants as monitors of radionuclides is twofold: as monitors of recent atmospheric releases of radionuclides; and as indicators of the long-term behavior of aged deposits of radionuclides in the soil.

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RELATIONSHIPS AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF 137Cs IN LICHEN, REINDEER AND MAN IN NORTHERN SWEDEN 1961–1965

Cited by 46 publications

References 6 publications

Environmental Radiocesium in Subarctic and Arctic Alaska Following Chernobyl

Environmental Radiocesium in Subarctic and Arctic Alaska Following Chernobyl

137Cs and 90Sr in live and dead reindeer lichens (genera Cladonia) from the “Kraton-3” underground nuclear explosion site

Accumulation of Radionuclides by Plants as a Monitor System

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