Relationships among optimism, pessimism, and posttraumatic growth in the US and Japan: Focusing on varying patterns of perceived stressfulness

Britton, Maggie; LaLonde, Leah; Oshio, Atsushi; Taku, Kanako

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109513

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The results revealed that, there were statistically significant relations between anxiety and pessimism among the control group at before, after and follow up observation. The result was consistent with a study conducted by, Britton et al (2019) who found that, stress was found to associate positively with pessimism and correlate negatively with optimism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effectiveness of Psycho-Educational Program to Alleviate Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Pessimism and Provide Optimism for COVID-19 Isolation Nurses

El-Azzab

El-Nady

2021

Egyptian Journal of Health Care

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Background: Through the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, front-line nurses meet immense mental health challenges. It is actually a global health threat attributed to a negative impact on the mental health and well-being of the people. Aim: To study the effectiveness of psycho-educational program to alleviate depression, anxiety, stress, pessimism and provide optimism for COVID-19 isolation nurses. Design: A quasi-experimental two-group (randomized control trial) was utilized in this study. Participants: A purposive sample of sixty nurses were involved in this study. Tools: A constructed interview schedule was utilized to collect data; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21; and Optimism and Pessimism Scale. The training program consisted of 14 sessions. Results: Revealed that there were highly statistically significant relations between depression, anxiety, stress, and pessimism pre/post program in "experimental group". Also, there were statistically significant relations between pessimism and anxiety among the control group pre/post observations. Conclusion: The program had a great positive effect on nurses who were caring for patients infected with coronavirus in reduced "levels of stress, anxiety, depression, pessimism and increased level of optimism". Recommendations: The nursing staff must be prepared to challenge any pandemic in the future to alleviate their levels of depression, anxiety, stress pessimism, and provide optimism and feelings of hope.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effectiveness of Psycho-Educational Program to Alleviate Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Pessimism and Provide Optimism for COVID-19 Isolation Nurses

El-Azzab

El-Nady

2021

Egyptian Journal of Health Care

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“…The results of the study generally support the mediating roles of optimism-pessimism and psychological inflexibility in the association between coronavirus stress and psychological problems. Consistent with previous studies, stress was found to correlate positively with pessimism (Britton et al 2019), psychological inflexibility (Tavakoli et al 2019), and psychological problems (Anniko et al 2019) and correlate negatively with optimism (Britton et al 2019). Although some prior research has investigated the role of mediators in stress and psychological health problems (e.g., Bargai et al 2007) and well-being (e.g., Praharso et al 2017), there is scarcity of research that has examined the mediating role of psychological inflexibility on the association between stress and optimism-pessimism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Coronavirus Stress, Optimism-Pessimism, Psychological Inflexibility, and Psychological Health: Psychometric Properties of the Coronavirus Stress Measure

Arslan

Yıldırım

Tanhan

et al. 2020

Int J Ment Health Addiction

247

224

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The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a global health threat attributed to negatively affecting the mental health and well-being of people globally. The purpose of the present study is to examine the mediating role of optimism-pessimism and psychological inflexibility in the relationship of coronavirus stress with psychological problems among Turkish adults. The sample of the study included 451 adults (55% women). Participants mainly consisted of young adults with a mean age of 23.30 years, ranging from 18 to 65 years (SD = 6.97). A mediation model indicated that coronavirus stress had a significant predictive effect on optimism-pessimism, psychological inflexibility, and psychological problems. Further, optimism-pessimism and psychological inflexibility mediated the effect of coronavirus stress on psychological problems in adults. Lastly, optimism-pessimism predicted the psychological problems of adults through psychological inflexibility. These results elucidate our understanding of the role of mediators in coronavirus stress and psychological health problems. The findings are useful in terms of providing evidence for tailoring interventions and implementing preventative approaches to mitigate the psychopathological consequences of COVID-19. Based on the present findings, the potential utility of acceptance and commitment therapy is discussed within the context of COVID-19.

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“…Pessimism was positively related to psychological health problems such as depression, anxiety (Giardini et al, 2017;Kwok & Gu, 2017;Scott-Hamilton, & Schutte, 2016) and psychological distress during pandemic (Arslan et al, 2020). Optimism was also associated with posttraumatic growth (Britton et al, 2019) and negative emotions (Wrosch & Scheier, 2003). Reed ( 2016) for example reported the mediating effect of optimism on the association between coping flexibility and psychological problems (e.g., stress) and wellbeing (e.g., life satisfaction).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pessimism was positively related with depression and anxiety (Giardini et al, 2017;Kwok & Gu, 2017;Scott-Hamilton, & Schutte, 2016), stress (Jones, Lehman, Kirsch, & Hennessy, 2017), and psychological health during pandemic (Arslan, Yıldırım, Tanhan, Buluş, &Allen, 2020). Optimism was also associated with subjective well-being (Herero & Extremera, 2010), psychological well-being (Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 2001), coping (Anzaldi, & Shifren, 2019), posttraumatic growth (Britton, LaLonde, Oshio, & Taku, 2019), negative emotions (Wrosch & Scheier, 2003), and functioning (Brenes, Rapp, Rejeski, & Miller, 2002). The optimism-pessimism have also manifested their effects on mental health in longitudinal studies.…”

Section: Mediating and Moderating Role Of Optimismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Stress, Meaningful Living, Optimism, and Depressive Symptoms: A Study of Moderated Mediation Model

Arslan¹,

Yıldırım²

2020

Preprint

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In the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to public mental health stress, anxiety, panic, and behavioral disorders. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether meaning in life mediated the relationship between coronavirus stress and depressive symptoms and whether the mediating effect of meaning in life on depressive symptoms was moderated by optimism. The sample of the study included 475 undergraduate students attending a public university in an urban city of Turkey. They were 69.2% female, ranged in age between 18 and 34 years (M = 20.63, SD = 1.99). Results showed that meaning in life and optimism–pessimism mediated the relationship between coronavirus stress and depressive symptoms. Optimism also mediated the relationship between meaning in life and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, optimism moderated the mediating effect of meaning in life in the relationship between coronavirus stress and depressive symptoms. These results indicated that the relationship between coronavirus stress and depressive symptoms can be better understood by meaning in life and optimism. Optimism may play a protective factor to mitigate the impact of stress on depressive symptoms

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Relationships among optimism, pessimism, and posttraumatic growth in the US and Japan: Focusing on varying patterns of perceived stressfulness

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Effectiveness of Psycho-Educational Program to Alleviate Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Pessimism and Provide Optimism for COVID-19 Isolation Nurses

Effectiveness of Psycho-Educational Program to Alleviate Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Pessimism and Provide Optimism for COVID-19 Isolation Nurses

Coronavirus Stress, Optimism-Pessimism, Psychological Inflexibility, and Psychological Health: Psychometric Properties of the Coronavirus Stress Measure

Coronavirus Stress, Meaningful Living, Optimism, and Depressive Symptoms: A Study of Moderated Mediation Model

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